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Psychosomatic Psychiatry in Spain: Historical Notes and the State of the Art

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Global Psychosomatic Medicine and Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry

Abstract

This chapter reviews the important historical background of what we call in Spain Psychosomatic Psychiatry (PP), or Psychosomatic and Liaison Psychiatry (PLP). Both medical humanism and empirical, or evidence based science are crucial philosophical ingredients in present day developments. Different theories born in other countries are also apparent, and include the so called “anthropological” medicine, or the “cortico-visceral” medical models. In the approach to medical patients, the Johns Hopkins “perspectives” are prominent. Among the current dominant trends, the influence of the American, consultation-liaison (C-L) model has been crucial. However, the implant of psychiatric services in all general hospitals of the National Health Service (NHS) was decisive to make available the C-L activities. The chapter also reviews some early research movements in the field, the foundation of a specialized journal and the role of national associations. The chapter highlights the notable development of the discipline, since a recent national enquiry shows that close to 60% of NHS hospitals in Spain have a PLP Unit; the advances in education, the crucial one being the mandatory rotation in PLPU’s in the official, national training program in Psychiatry; and the vigorous teaching of psychiatry directed to general physicians in medical schools. Important research initiatives include the organization of National Networks, which have recruited research groups publishing systematically in international, high impact journals. Specific areas of PLP interest in this country are related to Primary Care, Medical Ethics, Psycho-Oncology and Medical Sexology, all of them with qualified representatives. The discipline aims at an eventual, official sub-specialization in Psychiatry. In this background, it has been argued that the future will depend fundamentally on the vision and compromise of the psychiatric Services and Departments; on the commitment and leadership of the psychiatrists; and, certainly, on the advances in research and innovation.

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Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this chapter.

Funding

Supported by Grants from the Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISC III), Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Madrid, and Gobierno de Aragón/ Programa Operativo Fondo Social Europeo.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain

    Antonio Lobo

  2. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain

    Antonio Lobo, Ricardo Campos, Elena Lobo, Juan Carlos Marco & Tirso Ventura

  3. CIBERSAM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain

    Antonio Lobo, José Manuel Menchón & Mercedes Navío

  4. Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    Jordi Blanch

  5. Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain

    Jordi Blanch

  6. University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    Jordi Blanch & José Manuel Menchón

  7. Psychiatry Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza, Spain

    Ricardo Campos & Juan Carlos Marco

  8. Sociedad Española de Medicina Psicosomatica, Madrid, Spain

    Ricardo Campos

  9. University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain

    Ricardo Campos, Elena Lobo, Juan Carlos Marco & Tirso Ventura

  10. Psychiatry, Psychology and Psychosomatics Service, Dexeus University Hospital (Autonomous University), Barcelona, Spain

    Josep M. Farré

  11. Psychosomatic and Liaison Psychiatry Unit, Psychiatry Service, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario, Ourense, Spain

    Ignacio Gómez-Reino

  12. Department of Public Heath, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain

    Elena Lobo

  13. Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain

    José Manuel Menchón

  14. Mental Health Office of Madrid, Madrid, Spain

    Mercedes Navío

  15. Department of Psychiatry, Doce de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain

    Mercedes Navío

  16. University Complutense, Madrid, Spain

    Mercedes Navío

  17. Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain

    Gemma Parramón

  18. Psychosomatic and Liaison Psychiatry Unit, Psycho-Oncology, Psychiatry Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza, Spain

    Tirso Ventura

Authors
  1. Antonio Lobo
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  2. Jordi Blanch
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  3. Ricardo Campos
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  6. Elena Lobo
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  7. Juan Carlos Marco
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  8. José Manuel Menchón
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  9. Mercedes Navío
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  10. Gemma Parramón
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  11. Tirso Ventura
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Antonio Lobo .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry University of California San Francisco, CA, USA, Psychiatric Consultation-Liaison Service and Psychosomatic Medicine Program, UCSF Fresno, USA

    Hoyle Leigh

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Lobo, A. et al. (2019). Psychosomatic Psychiatry in Spain: Historical Notes and the State of the Art. In: Leigh, H. (eds) Global Psychosomatic Medicine and Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12584-4_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12584-4_13

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