Abstract
Glacial lakes hazards have been a constant factor in the population of the Cordillera Blanca due their potential to generate glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs), which can be increased by the effects of climate change. In past decades, the UGRH (Glaciology and Water Resource Unit) successful implemented security infrastructure, however, events like the GLOF of April 11 in Carhuaz highlighted the need to implement new risk management strategies. In response, the Glaciares Project has been carried out to implement three strategies to reduce risks in the Chucchún catchment through: (1) Knowledge generation, (2) building technical and institutional capacities and, (3) the institutionalization of risk management. Strategies focused on strengthening the Municipality of Carhuaz, the Civil Defense Platform and its members, leading to an improvement of risk management and being based under Peruvian laws. As a result, both the authorities and the population have improved their resilience to respond to the occurrence of GLOF. This chapter will discuss and analyze the strategies and actions implemented under the Glaciares Project to build a model of glacier related risk management and climate change adaptation.
Keywords
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsNotes
- 1.
Climate Vulnerability and Capacity Analysis is an internationally validated tool of CARE
References
Ames, A. (1998). A documentation of glacier tongue variations and lake development in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru. Zeitschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie, 34(1), 1–36.
ANA. (2014). Inventario Nacional de Glaciares y Lagunas. Huaraz: Autoridad Nacional del Agua.
Bulmer, M. H., & Farquhar, T. (2010). Design and installation of a prototype geohazard monitoring system near Machu Picchu, Peru. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 10, 2031–2038.
Carey, M., Huggel, C., Bury, J., Portocarrero, C., & Haeberli, W. (2012). An integrated socio-environmental framework for glacier hazard management and climate change adaptation: Lessons from Lake 513, Cordillera Blanca, Peru. Climatic Change, 112, 733–767.
Drenkhan, F., Carey, M., Huggel, C., Seidel, J., & Oré, M. T. (2015). The changing water cycle: Climatic and socioeconomic drivers of water-related changes in the Andes of Peru. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Water, 2, 715–733.
French, A., Barandiarán, J., & Rampini, C. (2015). Contextualizing conflict. Vital water and competing values in glaciated environments. In C. Huggel, M. Carey, J. J. Clague, & A. Kääb (Eds.), The high-mountain cryosphere (pp. 315–336). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Frey, H., García-Hernández, J., Huggel, C., Schneider, D., Rohrer, M., Gonzales Alfaro, C., Muñoz Asmat, R., Price Rios, K., Meza Roman, L., Cochachin, A., & Masias, P. (2014). An early warning system for lake outburst floods of the Laguna 513, Cordillera Blanca, Peru. In Proceedings of the international conference on the analysis and management of changing risks for natural hazards. Padua, Italy, 2014.
Gonzales, C., Ocaña, D., Marlene, A., Valverde, W., & Huamán, Z. (2012). Análisis de capacidad y vulnerabilidad climática en la subcuenca Chucchún. Carhuaz: CARE Perú, Proyecto Glaciares 513.
Huggel, C. (2009). Recent extreme slope failures in glacial environments: Effects of thermal perturbation. Quaternary Science Reviews, 28, 1119–1130.
Huggel, C., Khabarov, N., Obersteiner, M., & Ramírez, J. M. (2010). Implementation and integrated numerical modeling of a landslide early warning system: A pilot study in Colombia. Natural Hazards, 52, 501–518.
INDECI. (2004). Mapa de peligro, plan de uso del suelo y medidas de mitigación ante desastres Ciudad de Carhuaz. Instituto Nacional de Defensa Civil.
IPCC. (2014). Climate change 2014: Impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability. Part A: Global and sectoral aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge/New York: Cambridge University Press.
Kershaw, J., Clague, J., & Evans, S. (2005). Geomorphic and sedimentological signature of a two-phase outburst flood from moraine-dammed Queen Bess Lake, British Columbia, Canada. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 30(1), 1–25.
Mark, B., & Seltzer, G. (2005). Evaluation of recent glacier recession in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru (AD 1962–1999): Spatial distribution of mass loss and climatic forcing. Quaternary Science Reviews, 24, 2265–2280.
PCM. (2014). Plan Nacional de Gestión del Riesgo de Desastres PLANAGERD 2014–2021. Lima: Presidencia del Consejo de Ministros – Perú.
Portocarrero, C. (2013a). Mapas de vulnerabilidad y riesgo de la subcuenca Chucchún ante la posible ocurrencia de un proceso aluviónico procedente de la Laguna 513. Huaraz: CARE Perú, Proyecto Glaciares.
Portocarrero, C. (2013b). Technical report: The glacial lake handbook, reducing risk from dangerous glacial lakes in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru. Washington, DC: USAID.
Racoviteanu, A., Arnaud, Y., Williams, M., & Ordoñez, J. (2008). Decadal changes in glacier parameters in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru, derived from remote sensing. Journal of Glaciology, 54(186), 499–510.
Reynolds, J., Dolecki, A., & Portocarrero, C. (1998). The construction of a drainage tunnel as part of glacial lake hazard mitigation at Hualcán, Cordillera Blanca, Peru. In M. Eddleston & J. G. Maund (Eds.), Geohazards in engineering geology (pp. 41–48). London: The Geological Society.
Schneider, D., Frey, H., García, J., Giráldez, C., Guillén, S., Haeberli, W., Huggel, C., Rohrer, M., Salzmann, N., & Schleiss, A. (2013). Línea base de la cuenca del río Chucchún (Ancash) Mapeo y modelamiento de amenazas. Huaraz: Proyecto Glaciares.
Schneider, D., Huggel, C., Cochachin, A., Guillén, S., & García, J. (2014). Mapping hazards from glacier lake outburst floods based on modelling of process cascades at Lake 513, Carhuaz, Peru. Advances in Geosciences, 35, 145–155.
Tarazona, E., Ocaña, D., Gonzales, C., Gonzales, R., & Altamiza, K. (2013). Balance hidrológico de los usos agrícolas y poblacionales de la subcuenca del río Chucchún. Huaraz: CARE Perú, Proyecto Glaciares 513.
Vuille, M., Francou, B., Wagnon, P., Juen, I., Kaser, G., Mark, B., & Bradley, R. (2008). Climate change and tropical Andean glaciers: Past, present and future. Earth-Science Reviews, 89, 79–96.
Zapata, L. (2002). La dinámica glaciar en las lagunas de la Cordillera Blanca. Acta Montana (Czech Republic), 19(123), 37–60.
Acknowledgements
Studies, activities and experiences described in this paper are part of the Glaciares Project, funded by the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC). Thanks to the Municipality of Carhuaz due their collaboration, to the Glaciological Unit (UGHR) for their technical and scientific support, and CARE Perú as the responsible of implementation of the Glaciares Project. We are furthermore thankful for the thorough and constructive review by Jan Klimeš.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Muñoz, R. et al. (2016). Managing Glacier Related Risks Disaster in the Chucchún Catchment, Cordillera Blanca, Peru. In: Salzmann, N., Huggel, C., Nussbaumer, S., Ziervogel, G. (eds) Climate Change Adaptation Strategies – An Upstream-downstream Perspective. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40773-9_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40773-9_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-40771-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-40773-9
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)