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Stress Disorders

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Neurogenesis in the Adult Brain II

Abstract

Recent years have produced rapid and enormous growth in our understanding of the mechanisms regulating adult neurogenesis. Emerging fields of research now aim at clarifying the relationships between neurogenesis and diseases. This paper deals with neurogenesis and stress-related disorders. After a brief overview of the stress response, we first provide a comprehensive analysis of the literature on the effects of stress on neurogenesis and the potential mechanisms underlying these effects. This analysis clearly indicates that, whatever the nature, intensity and duration of the stressor, stress decreases cell proliferation. Comparing different stress paradigms further indicates that these effects are transient when stress is performed during adulthood, while it has a much greater and longer lasting impact when applied during developmental periods. When uncontrolled or repeated, stressors are risk factors for physiological and psychiatric disorders such as depression, pathological aging, drug misuse, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder. Studies linking these pathologies and neurogenesis constitute an important field of research, but advances are hampered by the lack of adequate animal models. The challenge for future research will certainly be to develop these animal models in order to envision therapeutic strategies aimed at stimulating plasticity in the stressed brain and preventing the alteration of affective and cognitive function that may appear in some individuals.

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  1. Inserm U862, Institut F. Magendie, University of Bordeaux 2, 146 Rue Leo-Saignat, 33077, Bordeaux Cedex, France

    Muriel Koehl, Michel Le Moal & Djoher Nora Abrous

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  1. Muriel Koehl
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  2. Michel Le Moal
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Correspondence to Djoher Nora Abrous .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Histology and Neuroanatomy, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan

    Tatsunori Seki Ph.D. (Professor) (Professor)

  2. Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan

    Kazunobu Sawamoto Ph.D. (Professor) (Professor)

  3. Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place 5021 BSRB, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA

    Jack M. Parent M.D. (Associate Professor) (Associate Professor)

  4. Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA

    Arturo Alvarez-Buylla Ph.D. (Professor) (Professor)

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Koehl, M., Le Moal, M., Abrous, D.N. (2011). Stress Disorders. In: Seki, T., Sawamoto, K., Parent, J.M., Alvarez-Buylla, A. (eds) Neurogenesis in the Adult Brain II. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-53945-2_4

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