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Evolution of V genes from the TRV loci of mammals

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Abstract

Information concerning the evolution of T lymphocyte receptors (TCR) can be deciphered from that part of the molecule that recognizes antigen presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC), namely the variable (V) regions. The genes that code for these variable regions are found within the TCR loci. Here, we describe a study of the evolutionary origin of V genes that code for the α and β chains of the TCR loci of mammals. In particular, we demonstrate that most of the 35 TRAV and 25 TRBV conserved genes found in Primates are also found in other Eutheria, while in Marsupials, Monotremes, and Reptiles, these genes diversified in a different manner. We also show that in mammals, all TRAV genes are derived from five ancestral genes, while all TRBV genes originate from four such genes. In Reptiles, the five TRAV and three out of the four TRBV ancestral genes exist, as well as other V genes not found in mammals. We also studied the TRGV and TRDV loci from all mammals, and we show a relationship of the TRDV to the TRAV locus throughout evolutionary time.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Informatics, University of Vigo, 32004, Ourense, Spain

    David N. Olivieri

  2. Area of Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain

    Santiago Gambón-Cerdá

  3. Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS), Unidad de Inmunología, Hospital do Meixoeiro, 36210, Vigo, Spain

    Francisco Gambón-Deza

  4. Instituto Biomédico de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain

    Francisco Gambón-Deza

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  1. David N. Olivieri
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  2. Santiago Gambón-Cerdá
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Correspondence to David N. Olivieri.

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Olivieri, D.N., Gambón-Cerdá, S. & Gambón-Deza, F. Evolution of V genes from the TRV loci of mammals. Immunogenetics 67, 371–384 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00251-015-0850-5

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