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Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in patients with end-stage renal disease in Latin America and the Caribbean: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Abstract

Aim

To estimate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC).

Materials and methods

Observational studies published in Spanish, Portuguese, and English language by November 25, 2021, in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, SciELO, and LILACS were selected by two reviewers according to predefined eligibility criteria. Study quality was assessed using the US National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute tool for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies. A meta-analysis of proportions was performed using a random-effects model based on the DerSimonian and Laird method, using R. PROSPERO N°: CRD42018107403.

Results

A total of 20 studies were included in the narrative synthesis (15 from Brazil, two from Cuba, two from Argentina, and one from Peru). Only 17 studies were included in the meta-analysis (13 from Brazil, two from Argentina, one from Cuba, and one from Peru). The overall prevalence of HCV in ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis in LAC was 11.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.9% - 13.9%; I2: 99 %). In Brazil and Argentina, the prevalence was 6% and 26.1%, respectively. Prevalence after excluding poor-quality studies was 10.7%.

Conclusion

The prevalence of HCV in ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis in LAC was 11.3%. The implementation of infection control measures in hemodialysis centers in LAC is required. It is also necessary to increase the number of studies on the subject in the ESRD population in most LAC countries.

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Data availability

Data sharing is not applicable to this article, as no datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Donna Pringle for reviewing the language and style.

Funding

The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru

    Bertha Huarez & Ysela Agüero-Palacios

  2. Centro de Excelencia en Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales en Salud, Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru

    Akram Hernández-Vásquez

  3. Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru

    Diego Azañedo & Rodrigo Vargas-Fernández

  4. Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS), Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Daniel Comandé

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Contributions

BH and AH-V conceived the study. All authors contributed to the study design. BH, AH-V, DA, and YA-P planned, supervised, and validated the work. DC executed the literature search and eliminated duplicate records. AH-V, and DA selected and extracted data from the studies included. AH-V and RV-F assessed study quality. BH, AH-V, DA, RV-F, and YA-P analyzed the results and drafted the manuscript. All authors contributed to the preparation of tables and figures. All authors critically reviewed and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Akram Hernández-Vásquez.

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Ethical approval was not required, because this study used and synthesized data from already published studies.

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Only data from previous published studies in which informed consent was obtained by primary investigators were retrieved and analysed.

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Huarez, B., Hernández-Vásquez, A., Azañedo, D. et al. Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in patients with end-stage renal disease in Latin America and the Caribbean: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Virol 167, 2653–2664 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-022-05604-6

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