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Mental and substance use disorders in Peru: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study

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Abstract

Aim

To analyze the burden of disease due to mental and substance use disorders in Peru from 1990 to 2015 obtained from the Global Burden of Disease study 2015.

Subject and methods

A descriptive study quantifying the burden of disease using disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), calculated by taking the sum of years of life lost (YLLs) and years lost due to disability (YLDs). We adjusted for comorbidities and estimates are presented with 95% uncertainty intervals. Findings specifically pertaining to Peru including DALYs, YLLs, and YLDs by year, sex, age, and type of disorder for the years 1990 and 2015 are presented.

Results

In 2015, mental and substance use disorders ranked as the leading cause group of DALYs in Peru comprising 11.71%, which is twice as much as that in 1990 (5.28% of DALYs). The five leading causes of health loss included: depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. Women represented 50.98% of the total DALYs. The highest DALYs were found in 10–54-year-olds and was greater among 20–29-year-olds. Among total YLLs, psychiatric diseases represented only 0.71%, with drug use disorders listed as the highest cause in 2015, as opposed to alcohol use disorders in 1990. Of the total YLDs, psychiatric disorders represented 23.41%, with depressive and anxiety disorders being the leading causes.

Conclusions

Mental and substance use disorders represent an important cause of disability in 2015 for Peru. Depressive and anxiety disorders were found to be the most prominent cause of disease burden across all age groups, particularly among females. Peru must make the prevention and treatment of mental disorders a public health priority.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Oficina de Apoyo a la Docencia e Investigación (OADI) at the Hospital Daniel Alcides Carrión, Callao, Peru.

Funding

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency, or commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru

    Carlos Alva-Diaz

  2. Servicio de Neurología, Departamento de Medicina y Oficina de Apoyo a la Docencia e Investigación (OADI), Hospital Daniel Alcides Carrión, Callao, Peru

    Andrely Huerta-Rosario, Roberto A. Molina, Alba Navarro-Flores, Victor Velásquez-Rimachi, Tatiana Metcalf & Roberto Romero Sanchez

  3. Red de Eficacia Clínica y Sanitaria (REDECS), Jr. Libra 1114, Urbanización Mercurio Bajo, Los Olivos, Lima, Peru

    Andrely Huerta-Rosario, Roberto A. Molina, Kevin Pacheco-Barrios, Wilfor Aguirre-Quispe, Alba Navarro-Flores, Victor Velásquez-Rimachi & Tatiana Metcalf

  4. Facultad de Medicina Hipólito Unanue, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru

    Andrely Huerta-Rosario, Roberto A. Molina & Alba Navarro-Flores

  5. Unidad de Investigación para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru

    Kevin Pacheco-Barrios

  6. Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Peru

    Wilfor Aguirre-Quispe

  7. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru

    Victor Velásquez-Rimachi

  8. Servicio de Psiquiatría en Niños y Adolescentes, Hospital Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima, Peru

    Hernan Alexander Sinche-Espinal

  9. Servicio de Psiquiatría en Niños y Adolescentes, Hospital Guillermo Almenara, Lima, Peru

    Juan Carlos Ocampo-Zegarra

  10. Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Víctor Larco Herrera, Lima, Peru

    Luis Armando Andamayo-Villalba

  11. Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Hermilio Valdizán, Lima, Peru

    Marcela Chahua

Authors
  1. Carlos Alva-Diaz
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  2. Andrely Huerta-Rosario
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  3. Roberto A. Molina
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  4. Kevin Pacheco-Barrios
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  5. Wilfor Aguirre-Quispe
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  6. Alba Navarro-Flores
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  7. Victor Velásquez-Rimachi
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  8. Hernan Alexander Sinche-Espinal
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  9. Juan Carlos Ocampo-Zegarra
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  10. Luis Armando Andamayo-Villalba
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  11. Tatiana Metcalf
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  12. Marcela Chahua
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  13. Roberto Romero Sanchez
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. AH-R, RAM, and AN-F collected the data. WA-Q, KP-B, and CA-D performed the statistical analyses. All authors participated in the interpretation of the results, the writing of the manuscript, and approval of its final version.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Andrely Huerta-Rosario.

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Ethical standards

The manuscript does not contain clinical studies or patient data.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Data availability statement

The datasets analyzed for this study can be found on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) web platform: http://www.healthdata.org/.

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Alva-Diaz, C., Huerta-Rosario, A., Molina, R.A. et al. Mental and substance use disorders in Peru: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study. J Public Health (Berl.) 30, 629–638 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-020-01341-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-020-01341-9

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