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Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria isolated from hospital wastewaters, rivers and aquaculture sources in Nigeria

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Abstract

Untreated wastewater is a risk factor for the spread of antibiotic resistance in the environment. However, little is known about the contribution of untreated wastewater to the burden of antibiotic resistance in the Nigerian environment. In this study, a total of 143 ceftazidime-/cefpodoxime-resistant bacteria isolated from untreated wastewater and untreated wastewater-contaminated surface and groundwater in Nigeria were screened for extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes, integrons and integron gene cassettes by PCR. The genetic environment of bla CTX-M-15 was mapped by PCR and potentially conjugative plasmids were detected among the isolates by degenerate primer MOB typing (DPMT). ESBL production was confirmed in 114 (79.7%) isolates and ESBL genes (bla SHV, bla CTX-M-15 and bla TEM) were detected in 85 (74.6%) ESBL-producing isolates. bla CTX-M-15 was associated with ISEcp1 and with orf477 in 12 isolates and with ISEcp1, IS26 and orf477 in six others. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of bla CTX-M-15 in hand-dug wells and borehole serving as sources of drinking water and a first report of the genetic environment of bla CTX-M-15 in environmental bacteria from Nigeria. The results of this study confirm untreated wastewater as an important medium for the spread of ESBL-producing bacteria within the Nigerian environment. Hence, the widespread practice of discharging untreated wastewater into the aquatic ecosystem in Nigeria is a serious risk to public health.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. Dayo Sowunmi of the Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, for his invaluable assistance in sample collection from Ikpoba and Cross Rivers and Dr. Jochen Müller of the Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany, for his assistance in the course of this project.

Funding

This work was supported by the ANTI-resist (02WRS1272A) Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Germany risk management of new pollutants and pathogens in the water cycle (Riskwa) and the JPI water STARE project. O.O.A. was supported by the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) under the University Academics and Scientists Fellowship program during his stay at the Technical University of Dresden.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

    Olawale Olufemi Adelowo, Omowunmi Abosede Banjo, Ozioma Chinyere Nnanna, Eunice Olubunmi Awotipe, Florence Bosede Peters & Obasola Ezekiel Fagade

  2. Institute of Hydrobiology, Technische Universität Dresden, Drudebau, Zellescher Weg 40, 01217, Dresden, Germany

    Olawale Olufemi Adelowo, Serena Caucci & Thomas U. Berendonk

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  1. Olawale Olufemi Adelowo
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  2. Serena Caucci
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  3. Omowunmi Abosede Banjo
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Correspondence to Olawale Olufemi Adelowo.

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Adelowo, O.O., Caucci, S., Banjo, O.A. et al. Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria isolated from hospital wastewaters, rivers and aquaculture sources in Nigeria. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 2744–2755 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0686-7

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