Clinical surgery–AmericanRandomized controlled trial of virtual reality simulator training: transfer to live patients
Section snippets
Study population
Institutional research ethics approval was obtained prior to the study’s implementation. Residents in postgraduate years 1 to 3 in the general surgery and internal medicine programs at the University of Toronto were invited to participate in this study. Prior to participation, all residents completed a questionnaire to determine their level of training and previous endoscopic experience. Residents with experience in endoscopy (defined as the primary endoscopist for greater than 3 procedures of
Baseline demographics and simulator pretest results
Twenty-eight residents entered the study. Four residents (2 in each group) were unable to complete the clinical phase because of scheduling difficulties, and their data were excluded from analyses. Thus, 24 residents completed the entire study, with 12 residents in each of the treatment and control groups. The demographic characteristics were not significantly different between groups, with similar proportions of gender, age, and postgraduate year level in each of the 2 groups. In addition, the
Comments
Despite the widespread use of simulation technology in surgical training, skill transfer from simulators—bench models or computer-based—to real patients has been objectively demonstrated for only a limited number of procedures, including laparoscopic surgery [20], [22], [23], bronchoscopy [24], and fiberoptic orotracheal intubation [19]. A number of papers describing similar efforts have failed to show clinical benefit with simulator training. For example, a study on intravenous catheter
Acknowledgments
The authors are above all grateful to the patients who volunteered for this study in the interest of process development to improve future training initiatives. We also thank the residents who participated in this study, the staff at the University of Toronto Surgical Skills Centre at Mount Sinai Hospital, and the administrative and nursing staff at the University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario. Supported by a research grant from the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada. J.P.
References (33)
- et al.
The financial impact of teaching surgical residents in the operating room
Am J Surg
(1999) - et al.
The time and financial impact of training fellows in endoscopyCORI Research Project. Clinical Outcomes Research Initiative
Am J Gastroenterol
(2000) - et al.
Testing technical skill via an innovative “bench station” examination
Am J Surg
(1997) - et al.
Validation of a computer-based colonoscopy simulator
Gastrointest Endosc
(2003) - et al.
Laparoscopic training on bench models: better and more cost effective than operating room experience?
J Am Coll Surg
(2000) - et al.
Bronchoscopy simulator effectively prepares junior residents to competently perform basic clinical bronchoscopy
Ann Thorac Surg
(2004) - et al.
A virtual reality module for intravenous catheter placement
Am J Surg
(1999) - et al.
Intravenous catheter training system: computer-based education versus traditional learning methods
Am J Surg
(2003) - et al.
Assessing laparoscopic manipulative skills
Am J Surg
(2001) - et al.
Visual-spatial ability correlates with efficiency of hand motion and successful surgical performance
Surgery
(2003)
Teaching endoscopy in the new millennium
Gastrointest Endosc
Computers and virtual reality for surgical education in the 21st century
Arch Surg
The learning curve for laparoscopic cholecystectomyThe Southern Surgeons Club
Am J Surg
Reducing errors in medicine
BMJ
Improving continuing medical education for surgical techniques: applying the lessons learned in the first decade of minimal access surgery
Ann Surg
Evaluation of a virtual endoscopy simulator for training in gastrointestinal endoscopy
Endoscopy
Cited by (171)
Exploring the effectiveness of virtual reality as a learning tool in the context of task interruption: A systematic review
2024, International Journal of Industrial ErgonomicsVirtual reality simulation in training endoscopic skills: A systematic review
2021, Laparoscopic, Endoscopic, and Robotic SurgeryCitation Excerpt :The full search strategy flow diagram is presented as Fig. 2. Characteristics of 22 included studies are summarized in Table 1.17–38 Studies are organized by control group and by year of publication.
Analysis of teenagers' preferences and concerns regarding HMDs in education
2021, Virtual Reality and Intelligent HardwareMapping the global technological landscape of virtual reality in education: a bibliometric and network analysis
2024, Social Network Analysis and MiningFeatures of adaptive training algorithms for improved complex skill acquisition
2024, Frontiers in Virtual RealityDevelopment and Evaluation of a Virtual Reality Simulator for Spinal Cord Stimulation: A Randomized Controlled Trial
2024, Journal of Pain Research