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Which DSM validated tools for diagnosing depression are usable in primary care research? A systematic literature review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2020

P. Nabbe ,
J.Y. Le Reste ,
M. Guillou-Landreat ,
M.A. Munoz Perez ,
S. Argyriadou ,
A. Claveria ,
M.I. Fernández San Martín ,
S. Czachowski ,
H. Lingner  and
C. Lygidakis
...Show all authors
P. Nabbe*
Affiliation:
Department of general practice, université de Bretagne Occidentale, ERCR SPURBO, Brest, France
J.Y. Le Reste*
Affiliation:
Department of general practice, université de Bretagne Occidentale, ERCR SPURBO, Brest, France
M. Guillou-Landreat
Affiliation:
Department of addictology, université de Bretagne Occidentale, ERCR SPURBO, Brest, France
M.A. Munoz Perez
Affiliation:
IDIAP jordi GOL unitat de support a la recerca, Barcelona, Spain
S. Argyriadou
Affiliation:
The Greek Association of General Practitioners (ELEGEIA), Thessaloniki, Greece
A. Claveria
Affiliation:
Galician National Health Service, Universidad de Vigo, Rúa Oporta, 1, 36201Vigo, Spain
M.I. Fernández San Martín
Affiliation:
IDIAP jordi GOL unitat de support a la recerca, Barcelona, Spain
S. Czachowski
Affiliation:
Department of Family Doctor, University Nicolaus Copernicus, Torun, Poland
H. Lingner
Affiliation:
Centre for public health and healthcare, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
C. Lygidakis
Affiliation:
Associazione Italiana Medici di Famiglia (AIMEF), Bologna, Italy
A. Sowinska
Affiliation:
Department of English, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
B. Chiron
Affiliation:
Department of general practice, université de Bretagne Occidentale, ERCR SPURBO, Brest, France
J. Derriennic
Affiliation:
Department of general practice, université de Bretagne Occidentale, ERCR SPURBO, Brest, France
A. Le Prielec
Affiliation:
Department of general practice, université de Bretagne Occidentale, ERCR SPURBO, Brest, France
B. Le Floch
Affiliation:
Department of general practice, université de Bretagne Occidentale, ERCR SPURBO, Brest, France
T. Montier
Affiliation:
Unite Inserm 1078, SFR 148 ScInBioS, faculté de médecine, université de Bretagne Occidentale, université européenne de Bretagne 22, avenue Camille-Desmoulins, 29238Brest cedex 2, France
H. Van Marwijk
Affiliation:
Primary care research center, Williamson building, Oxford Road, Manchester, United Kingdom
P. Van Royen
Affiliation:
Department of Primary and Interdisciplinary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerpen, Belgium
*
*Corresponding author. Tel.: +33 6 07 63 14 90.
**Co-corresponding author. E-mail addresses:patrice.nabbe@univ-brest.fr (P. Nabbe), lereste@univ.brest.fr (J.Y. Le Reste).
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Abstract

Introduction

Depression occurs frequently in primary care. Its broad clinical variability makes it difficult to diagnose. This makes it essential that family practitioner (FP) researchers have validated tools to minimize bias in studies of everyday practice. Which tools validated against psychiatric examination, according to the major depression criteria of DSM-IV or 5, can be used for research purposes?

Method

An international FP team conducted a systematic review using the following databases: Pubmed, Cochrane and Embase, from 2000/01/01 to 2015/10/01.

Results

The three databases search identified 770 abstracts: 546 abstracts were analyzed after duplicates had been removed (224 duplicates); 50 of the validity studies were eligible and 4 studies were included. In 4 studies, the following tools were found: GDS-5, GDS-15, GDS-30, CESD-R, HADS, PSC-51 and HSCL-25. Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive Predictive Value, Negative Predictive Value were collected. The Youden index was calculated.

Discussion

Using efficiency data alone to compare these studies could be misleading. Additional reliability, reproducibility and ergonomic data will be essential for making comparisons.

Conclusion

This study selected seven tools, usable in primary care research, for the diagnosis of depression. In order to define the best tools in terms of efficiency, reproducibility, reliability and ergonomics for research in primary care, and for care itself, further research will be essential.

Keywords

DepressionSystematic review of literatureDiagnostic toolPrimary Care Research
Type
Review
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 39 , January 2017 , pp. 99 - 105
Copyright
Copyright © Elsevier Masson SAS 2017

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Footnotes

Abbreviations: COSMIN, Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments, DSM, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, EGPRN, European General Practice Research Network, IMRaD, Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion, FP, Family Practitioner, NPV, Negative Predictive Value, PPV, Predictive Positive Value, PRISMA, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, Se, Sensibility, Sp, Specificity

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