Quantitation of Leydig Cells in Testicular Biopsies of Oligospermic Men with Varicocele

Leydig cell density was evaluated quantitatively in bilateral testicular biopsies from 16 oligospermic men with varicocele. The method utilized for this quantitation is based on the determination of the total number of Leydig cells, Leydig cell clusters, and seminiferous tubules in the entire histologic section of each biopsy, and the calculation of the following indices: mean Leydig cells per seminiferous tubule, mean Leydig cell clusters per seminiferous tubule, and mean Leydig cells per cluster. A significant correlation between Leydig cells per tubule and Leydig cell clusters per tubule was demonstrated, suggesting that determination of Leydig cell clusters per seminiferous tubule in testicular biopsies is an objective and clinically applicable method for quantitative evaluation of Leydig cell density. An association of varicocele with Leydig cell hyperplasia was not noted for the 16 patients studied. In addition, no significant differences in Leydig cell density between right and left testes were found, and no correlation between Leydig cell density and site or degree of varicocele, or age of the patients could be demonstrated. To our knowledge this is the first report of quantitative analysis of Leydig cell density in men with varicocele.