The International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA) was founded in 1978 and was the first institution in Italy to promote post-graduate courses leading to a Doctor Philosophiae (or PhD) degree. A centre of excellence among Italian and international universities, the school has around 65 teachers, 100 post docs and 245 PhD students, and is located in Trieste, in a campus of more than 10 hectares with wonderful views over the Gulf of Trieste.
SISSA hosts a very high-ranking, large and multidisciplinary scientific research output. The scientific papers produced by its researchers are published in high impact factor, well-known international journals, and in many cases in the world's most prestigious scientific journals such as Nature and Science. Over 900 students have so far started their careers in the field of mathematics, physics and neuroscience research at SISSA.
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Calibration of the photon spectrometer PHOS of the ALICE experiment
S. Acharya140, F.T.-. Acosta20, D. Adamová93, S.P. Adhya140, A. Adler74, J. Adolfsson80, M.M. Aggarwal98, G. Aglieri Rinella34, M. Agnello31, Z. Ahammed140, S. Ahmad17, S.U. Ahn76, S. Aiola145, A. Akindinov64, M. Al-Turany104, S.N. Alam140, D.S.D. Albuquerque121, D. Aleksandrov87, B. Alessandro58, H.M. Alfanda6, R. Alfaro Molina72, B. Ali17, Y. Ali15, A. Alici10,27,53, A. Alkin2, J. Alme22, T. Alt69, L. Altenkamper22, I. Altsybeev111, M.N. Anaam6, C. Andrei47, D. Andreou34, H.A. Andrews108, A. Andronic104,143, M. Angeletti34, V. Anguelov102, C. Anson16, T. Antičić105, F. Antinori56, P. Antonioli53, R. Anwar125, N. Apadula79, L. Aphecetche113, H. Appelshäuser69, S. Arcelli27, R. Arnaldi58, M. Arratia79, I.C. Arsene21, M. Arslandok102, A. Augustinus34, R. Averbeck104, M.D. Azmi17, A. Badalà55, Y.W. Baek40,60, S. Bagnasco58, R. Bailhache69, R. Bala99, A. Baldisseri136, M. Ball42, R.C. Baral85, R. Barbera28, L. Barioglio26, G.G. Barnaföldi144, L.S. Barnby92, V. Barret133, P. 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Cuautle70, L. Cunqueiro94, D. Dabrowski141, T. Dahms103,116, A. Dainese56, F.P.A. Damas113,136, S. Dani66, M.C. Danisch102, A. Danu68, D. Das107, I. Das107, S. Das3, A. Dash85, S. Dash48, A. Dashi103, S. De49,85, A. De Caro30, G. de Cataldo52, C. de Conti120, J. de Cuveland39, A. De Falco24, D. De Gruttola10,30, N. De Marco58, S. De Pasquale30, R.D. De Souza121, H.F. Degenhardt120, A. Deisting102,104, K.R. Deja141, A. Deloff84, S. Delsanto26, P. Dhankher48, D. Di Bari33, A. Di Mauro34, R.A. Diaz8, T. Dietel124, P. Dillenseger69, Y. Ding6, R. Divià34, Ø. Djuvsland22, A. Dobrin34, D. Domenicis Gimenez120, B. Dönigus69, O. Dordic21, A.K. Dubey140, A. Dubla104, S. Dudi98, A.K. Duggal98, M. Dukhishyam85, P. Dupieux133, R.J. Ehlers145, D. Elia52, H. Engel74, E. Epple145, B. Erazmus113, F. Erhardt97, A. Erokhin111, M.R. Ersdal22, B. Espagnon61, G. Eulisse34, J. Eum18, D. Evans108, S. Evdokimov90, L. Fabbietti103,116, M. Faggin29, J. Faivre78, A. Fantoni51, M. Fasel94, L. Feldkamp143, A. 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2 Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
3 Bose Institute, Department of Physics and Centre for Astroparticle Physics and Space Science (CAPSS), Kolkata, India
4 Budker Institute for Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia
5 California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, United States
6 Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
7 Centre de Calcul de l'IN2P3, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France
8 Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN), Havana, Cuba
9 Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City and Mérida, Mexico
10 Centro Fermi - Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche "Enrico Fermi', Rome, Italy
11 Chicago State University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
12 China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing, China
13 Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
14 Comenius University Bratislava, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Bratislava, Slovakia
15 COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Islamabad, Pakistan
16 Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, United States
17 Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
18 Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
19 Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
20 Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States
21 Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
22 Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
23 Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università `La Sapienza' and Sezione INFN, Rome, Italy
24 Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy
25 Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy
26 Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
27 Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy
28 Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Catania, Italy
29 Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy
30 Dipartimento di Fisica `E.R. Caianiello' dell'Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy
31 Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
32 Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica dell'Università del Piemonte Orientale and INFN Sezione di Torino, Alessandria, Italy
33 Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica `M. Merlin' and Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy
34 European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
35 Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Split, Split, Croatia
36 Faculty of Engineering and Science, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
37 Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
38 Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia
39 Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
40 Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
41 Gauhati University, Department of Physics, Guwahati, India
42 Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
43 Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), Helsinki, Finland
44 High Energy Physics Group, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
45 Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
46 Hochschule Worms, Zentrum für Technologietransfer und Telekommunikation (ZTT), Worms, Germany
47 Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
48 Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India
49 Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
50 Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jakarta, Indonesia
51 INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
52 INFN, Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
53 INFN, Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
54 INFN, Sezione di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
55 INFN, Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy
56 INFN, Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy
57 INFN, Sezione di Roma, Rome, Italy
58 INFN, Sezione di Torino, Turin, Italy
59 INFN, Sezione di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
60 Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
61 Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules (IN2P3/CNRS), Université de Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
62 Institute for Nuclear Research, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
63 Institute for Subatomic Physics, Utrecht University/Nikhef, Utrecht, Netherlands
64 Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
65 Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovakia
66 Institute of Physics, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
67 Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
68 Institute of Space Science (ISS), Bucharest, Romania
69 Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
70 Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
71 Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
72 Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
73 iThemba LABS, National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa
74 Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe Universität Frankfurt Institut für Informatik, Fachbereich Informatik und Mathematik, Frankfurt, Germany
75 Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna, Russia
76 Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
77 KTO Karatay University, Konya, Turkey
78 Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS-IN2P3, Grenoble, France
79 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States
80 Lund University Department of Physics, Division of Particle Physics, Lund, Sweden
81 Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki, Japan
82 Nara Women's University (NWU), Nara, Japan
83 National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Science, Department of Physics , Athens, Greece
84 National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
85 National Institute of Science Education and Research, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Jatni, India
86 National Nuclear Research Center, Baku, Azerbaijan
87 National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia
88 Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
89 Nikhef, National institute for subatomic physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
90 NRC Kurchatov Institute IHEP, Protvino, Russia
91 NRNU Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
92 Nuclear Physics Group, STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, United Kingdom
93 Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, \vRež u Prahy, Czech Republic
94 Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States
95 Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
96 Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia
97 Physics department, Faculty of science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
98 Physics Department, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
99 Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
100 Physics Department, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
The procedure for the energy calibration of the high granularity electromagnetic calorimeter PHOS of the ALICE experiment is presented. The methods used to perform the relative gain calibration, to evaluate the geometrical alignment and the corresponding correction of the absolute energy scale, to obtain the nonlinearity correction coefficients and finally, to calculate the time-dependent calibration corrections, are discussed and illustrated by the PHOS performance in proton-proton (pp) collisions at √s=13 TeV. After applying all corrections, the achieved mass resolutions for π0 and η mesons for pT > 1.7 GeV/c are σmπ0 = 4.56 ± 0.03 MeV/c2 and σmη = 15.3 ± 1.0 MeV/c2, respectively.