Adaptación y validación de la Escala Disposicional de Empatía Positiva a población adolescente argentina

Resumen

La empatía positiva implica una expresión de felicidad o alegría, la cual es resultado de comprender la condición emocional
positiva de otra persona y compartirla. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de la
adaptación de la Escala Disposicional de Empatía Positiva (Dispositional Positive Empathy Scale) en población adolescente
argentina. El instrumento sobre el cual se realizó la adaptación está compuesto por siete ítems, originalmente en idioma
inglés. La muestra (n = 303) estuvo conformada por 95 varones (31%) y 208 mujeres (69%), con edades entre 11 y 17 años,
estudiantes de secundaria. Se estudió la validez de constructo realizando un análisis factorial confirmatorio y la invariancia de la escala en relación con el sexo y edad de los participantes. Se comprobó la validez convergente con la conducta prosocial hacia diversos objetivos, las diferencias de los niveles de empatía positiva entre los sexos y en distintos grupos de edad y los niveles de fiabilidad (Ω = .78). Los resultados indican que la escala es unidimensional, coincidiendo con la versión original. Se encontró un buen ajuste del modelo a los datos (cfi = .98; tli = .96; nnfi = .96; nfi = .95; rmsea = .05). El modelo permaneció constante en ambos sexos y grupos de edades. La empatía positiva se relacionó con la prosocialidad y se encontraron diferencias según sexo y edades. Los hallazgos dan cuenta de que las características psicométricas de la adaptación de la Escala Disposicional de Empatía Positiva a población adolescente argentina son satisfactorias.

Palabras clave:

adaptación empatía conducta prosocial adolescencia

Citas

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