본 연구는 이중차원적 관점에 기초하여 여성결혼이민자의 문화적응을 한국문화적응과 모국문화유지로 나누어 파악하고, 개인적 특성 요인, 사회적 지지 요인, 사회참여 요인이 각각에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 규명하였다. 서울, 경기, 대전, 그리고 충청지역에 거주하는 여성결혼이민자 242명을 대상으로 조사하여 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 여성결혼이민자의 문화적응은 한국문화적응이 모국문화유지 보다 다소 높은 수준으로 나타났다. 둘째, 개인적 특성 요인, 사회적 지지 요인, 사회참여 요인이 문화적응에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과, 한국거주기간, 국적취득 여부, 모국방문 경험, 결혼만족도, 친구･이웃의 지지, 사회활동 참여, 차별경험 등이 한국문화적응에 유의하게 영향을 미쳤다. 반면에 여성결혼이민자의 모국문화유지에는 자녀수, 국적취득 여부, 한국가족의 지지, 모국가족의 지지, 친구･이웃의 지지, 차별경험, 사회서비스 이용정도가 영향요인으로 나타났다. 본 논문에서는 위와 같은 연구결과를 바탕으로 여성결혼이민자의 문화적응을 위한 실천적 함의와 후속 연구를 위한 과제를 제시하였다.
This study divided acculturation of immigrant women in Korea into adaptation to Korean culture and maintenance of their home country culture, and then found out the influence of personal characteristic factors, social support factors and community involvement factors. A survey was conducted, targeting 242 of female immigrants by marriage living in Seoul, Gyeonggi, Daejeon and Chungcheong-do. The results of analysis are as follows. First, in case of level of acculturation of female immigrants by marriage, they scored 3.48 on adaptation to Korean culture and 3.24 on maintenance of original culture. Second, influence factors of female immigrants by marriage examined as follows. The factors including residence period in Korea, marital satisfaction, support of neighbor or friends, community involvement, and experience of discrimination show meaningful influence on adaptation of Korean culture. On the other hand, the determinant factors of maintenance of original culture of female immigrants by marriage have meaningful result in accordance with the number of children, citizenship status, support of Korean families, support of homeland families, friends and neighbor, discrimination experience, and social service utilizing degree. Based on the study findings, implication for practice to acculturation of female immigrants by marriage and for future studies were discussed.
This study divided acculturation of immigrant women in Korea into adaptation to Korean culture and maintenance of their home country culture, and then found out the influence of personal characteristic factors, social support factors and community involvement factors. A survey was conducted, targeting 242 of female immigrants by marriage living in Seoul, Gyeonggi, Daejeon and Chungcheong-do. The results of analysis are as follows. First, in case of level of acculturation of female immigrants by marriage, they scored 3.48 on adaptation to Korean culture and 3.24 on maintenance of original culture. Second, influence factors of female immigrants by marriage examined as follows. The factors including residence period in Korea, marital satisfaction, support of neighbor or friends, community involvement, and experience of discrimination show meaningful influence on adaptation of Korean culture. On the other hand, the determinant factors of maintenance of original culture of female immigrants by marriage have meaningful result in accordance with the number of children, citizenship status, support of Korean families, support of homeland families, friends and neighbor, discrimination experience, and social service utilizing degree. Based on the study findings, implication for practice to acculturation of female immigrants by marriage and for future studies were discussed.
