Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Viewpoints and objects

  • Method Integration
  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
ZUM '95: The Z Formal Specification Notation (ZUM 1995)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 967))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

There have been a number of proposals to split the specification of large and complex systems into a number of inter-related specifications, called viewpoints. Such a model of multiple viewpoints forms the cornerstone of the Open Distributed Processing (ODP) standardisation initiative. We address two of the technical problems concerning the use of formal techniques within multiple viewpoint models: these are unification and consistency checking. We discuss the software engineering implications of using viewpoints, and show that object encapsulation provides the necessary support for such a model. We then consider how this might be supported by using object-oriented variants of Z.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. M Ainsworth, AH Cruickshank, LJ Groves, and PJL Wallis. Viewpoint specification and Z. Information and Software Technology, 36(1):43–51, February 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  2. M Ainsworth and PJL Wallis. Co-refinement. In D Till, editor, Proc. 6th Refinement Workshop, City University, London, 5th–7th January 1994. Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  3. A. J. Alencar and J. A. Goguen. OOZE: An object oriented Z environment. In P. America, editor, ECOOP '91 — Object-Oriented Programming, LNCS 512, pages 180–199. Springer-Verlag, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  4. R. D. Arthan. On free type definitions in Z. In J. E. Nicholls, editor, Sixth Annual Z User Workshop, pages 40–58, York, December 1991. Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  5. G. Cowen, J. Derrick, M. Gill, G. Girling (editor), A. Herbert, P. F. Linington, D. Rayner, F. Schulz, and R. Soley. Prost Report of the Study on Testing for Open Distributed Processing. APM Ltd, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  6. E. Cusack. Inheritance in object oriented Z. In P. America, editor, ECOOP '91 — Object-Oriented Programming, LNCS 512, pages 167–179. Springer-Verlag, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  7. E. Cusack and G. H. B. Rafsanjani. ZEST. In S. Stepney, R. Barden, and D. Cooper, editors, Object Orientation in Z, Workshops in Computing, pages 113–126. Springer-Verlag, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  8. J. Derrick, H. Bowman, and M. Steen. Maintaining cross viewpoint consistency using Z. In IFIP International Conference on Open Distributed Processing. Chapman Hall, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  9. R. Duke, P. King, G. A. Rose, and G. Smith. The Object-Z specification language version 1. Technical Report 91-1, Software Verification Research Centre, Department of Computer Science, University of Queensland, May 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  10. A. J. Hall. Using Z as a specification calculus for object-oriented systems. In D. Bjorner, C.A.R. Hoare, and H. Langmaack, editors, VDM '90 VDM and Z — Formal Methods in Software Development, LNCS 428, pages 290–318, Kiel, FRG, April 1990. Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  11. J. Hall. Specifying and interpreting class hierarchies in Z. In J. Bowen and J. Hall, editors, Eighth Annual Z User Workshop, pages 120–138, Cambridge, July 1994. Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  12. ITU Recommendation X.901-904 — ISO/IEC 10746 1–4. Open Distributed Processing — Reference Model — Parts 1–4, July 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  13. ITU/ISO CD ISO 13235/ITU.TS Rec.9tr. ODP Trading Function, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  14. K. Lano and H. Haughton. Reuse and adaption of Z specifications. In J. P. Bowen and J. E. Nicholls, editors, Seventh Annual Z User Workshop, pages 62–90, London, December 1992. Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  15. B. Liskov and J. M. Wing. A new definition of the subtype relation. In O. M. Nierstrasz, editor, ECOOP '93 — Object-Oriented Programming, LNCS 707, pages 118–141. Springer-Verlag, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  16. P. Mataga and P. Zave. Formal specification of telephone features. In J. Bowen and J. Hall, editors, Eighth Annual Z User Workshop, pages 29–50, Cambridge, July 1994. Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  17. S. L. Meira and A. L. C. Cavalcanti. Modular object oriented Z specifications. In J. E. Nicholls, editor, Fifth Annual Z User Workshop, pages 173–192, Oxford, December 1990. Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  18. B. Potter, J. Sinclair, and D. Till. An introduction to formal specification and Z. Prentice Hall, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  19. G. H. B. Rafsanjani. ZEST — Z Extended with Structuring: A users's guide. Technical report, BT, June 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  20. B. Ratcliff. Introducing specification using Z. McGraw-Hill, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  21. S. Rudkin. Modelling information objects in Z. In J. de Meer, V. Heymer, and R. Roth, editors, IFIP TC6 International Workshop on Open Distributed Processing, pages 267–280, Berlin, Germany, September 1991. North-Holland.

    Google Scholar 

  22. M. Saaltink. Z and Eves. In J. E. Nicholls, editor, Sixth Annual Z User Workshop, pages 223–243, York, December 1991. Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  23. S. A. Schuman, D. H. Pitt, and P. J. Byers. Object-oriented process specification. In C. Rattray, editor, Specification and Verification of Concurrent Systems, Workshops in Computing, pages 21–70. Springer-Verlag, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  24. R. Sinnott. An Initial Architectural Semantics in Z of the Information Viewpoint Language of Part 3 of the ODP-RM. ISO/IEC SC21/WG7 N915, July 1994. BSI Input document to the ODP Plenary meeting in Southampton.

    Google Scholar 

  25. A. Smith. On recursive free types in Z. In J. E. Nicholls, editor, Sixth Annual Z User Workshop, pages 3–39, York, December 1991. Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  26. G. Smith. An object-oriented development framework for Z. In J. Bowen and J. Hall, editors, Eighth Annual Z User Workshop, pages 89–107, Cambridge, July 1994. Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  27. S. Stepney, R. Barden, and D. Cooper, editors. Object Orientation in Z. Workshops in Computing. Springer-Verlag, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  28. C. Wezeman and A. J. Judge. Z for managed objects. In J. Bowen and J. Hall, editors, Eighth Annual Z User Workshop, pages 108–119, Cambridge, July 1994. Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  29. P. J. Whysall and J. A. McDermid. An approach to object oriented specification using Z. In J. E. Nicholls, editor, Fifth Annual Z User Workshop, pages 193–215, Oxford, December 1990. Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  30. P. Zave and M. Jackson. Techniques for partial specification and specification of switching systems. In J. E. Nicholls, editor, Sixth Annual Z User Workshop, pages 205–219, York, December 1991. Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Computing Laboratory, University of Kent, CT2 7NF, Canterbury, UK

    John Derrick, Howard Bowman & Maarten Steen

Authors
  1. John Derrick
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Howard Bowman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Maarten Steen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Jonathan P. Bowen Michael G. Hinchey

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1995 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Derrick, J., Bowman, H., Steen, M. (1995). Viewpoints and objects. In: Bowen, J.P., Hinchey, M.G. (eds) ZUM '95: The Z Formal Specification Notation. ZUM 1995. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 967. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60271-2_136

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60271-2_136

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-60271-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-44782-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation