Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Ringger, M., et al., Nanometer lithography with the scanning tunnelling microscope. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1985. 46(9): p. 832.
Binnig, G. and H. Rohrer, Scanning tunnelling microscopy. Helv. Phys. Acta, 1982. 55(6): pp. 26–735
Binnig, G., C.F. Quate, and C. Gerber, Atomic force microscope. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1986. 56(9): p. 930.
West, P. and A. Ross, An Introduction to Atomic Force Microscopy Modes. 2006, Pacific Nanotechnology, Inc.
Pohl, D.W., W. Denk, and M. Lanz, Optical stethoscopy: Image recording with resolution λ/20. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1984. 44(7): pp. 651–653
Folwer, R.H. and L.W. Nordheim, Proc. R. Soc. London, 1928. A119: p. 173.
Cui, Z. and L. Tong, Optimum geometry and space-charge effects in vacuum microelectronic devices. IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, 1993. 40(2): p. 448.
Soh, H.T., K.W. Guarini, and C.F. Quate, Resist exposure using field-emitted electrons, in Scanning Probe Lithography. 2001, Kluwer Academic
McCord, M.A. and R.F.W. Pease, Lift-off metallization using poly(methyl methacrylate) exposed with a scanning tunnelling microscope. J. Vac. Sci. Technol., 1988. B6(1): p. 293.
Wilder, K., et al., Electron beam and scanning probe lithography: A comparison. J. Vac. Sci. Technol., 1998. B16(5): p. 3864.
Mayer, T.M., D.P. Adams, and B.M. Marder, Field emission characteristics of the scanning tunnelling microscope for nanolithography. J. Vac. Sci. Technol., 1996. B14(4): p. 2438.
Betzig, E., et al., Near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) – development and biophysical applications. Biophys. J. 1996. 49(1): pp. 269–279.
Froehlich, F.F., T.D. Milster, and R. Uber, High-resolution optical lithography with a near-field scanning subwavelength aperture. Proc. SPIE, 1993. 1751: pp. 312–320.
Leggett, G.J., Scanning near-field photolithography – surface photochemistry with nanoscale spatial resolution. Chem. Soc. Rev., 2006. 35: pp. 1150–1161.
Smolyaninov, I., D.L. Mazzoni, and C.C. Davis, Near-field direct-write ultraviolet lithography and shear force microscopic studies of the lithographic process. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1995. 67(26): p. 3859.
Riehn, R., et al., Near-field optical lithography of a conjugated polymer. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2003. 82: p. 526.
Novotny, L., R.X. Bian, and X.S. Xie, Theory of nanometric optical tweezers. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1997. 79: pp. 645–648.
Royer, P., et al., Near-field optical patterning and structuring based on local-field enhancement at the extremity of a metal tip. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., 2004. A362: pp. 821–842.
Sun, S. and G.J. Leggett, Matching the resolution of electron beam lithography by scanning near-field photolithography. Nano Lett., 2004. 4(8): pp. 1381–1384.
Kramer, S., R.R. Fuierer, and C.B. Gorman, Scanning probe lithography using self-assembled monolayers. Chem. Rev., 2003. 103(11): pp. 4367–4418.
Day, H.C. and D.R. Allee, Selective area oxidation of silicon with a scanning force microscope. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1993. 62(21): p. 2691.
Garcia, R., R.V. Martinez, and J. Martinez, Nano-chemistry and scanning probe nanolithographies. Chem. Soc. Rev., 2006. 35: pp. 29–38.
Avouris, P., T. Hertel, and R. Martel, Atomic force microscope tip-induced local oxidation of silicon: Kinetics, mechanism, and nanofabrication. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1997. 71(2): p. 285.
Stievenard, D., P.A. Fontaine, and E. Dubois, Nanooxidation using a scanning probe microscope: An analytical model based on field induced oxidation. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1997. 70(24): p. 3272.
Dagata, J.A., et al., Modification of hydrogen-passivated silicon by a scanning tunneling microscope operating in air. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1990. 56: p. 2001.
Fontaine, P.A., E. Dubois, and D. Stievenard Characterization of scanning tunneling microscopy and atomic force microscopy-based techniques for nanolithography on hydrogen-passivated silicon. J. Appl. Phys., 1998. 84(4): p. 1776.
Snow, E.S., et al., A metal/oxide tunneling transistor. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1998. 72: p. 3071.
Muller, E.W. and T.T. Tsong, Field Ion Microscopy. Principle and Applications. 1969, Elsevier.
Mamin, H.J., et al., Gold deposition from a scanning tunneling microscope tip. J. Vac. Sci. Technol., 1991. B9(2): p. 1398.
T.T. Tsong, Field ion image formation. Surf. Sci., 1978. 70: pp. 211–233.
Chang, C.S., W.B. Su, and T.T. Tsong, Field evaporation between a gold tip and a gold surface in the scanning tunneling microscope configuration. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1994. 72(4): p. 574.
Houel, A., et al., Direct patterning of nanostructures by field-induced deposition from a scanning tunneling microscope tip. J. Vac. Sci. Technol., 2002. B20(6): p. 2337.
Cui, Z. and L. Tong, A new approach to simulating liquid metal ion sources. J. Vac. Sci. Technol., 1988. B6(6): p. 2104.
McCord, M.A. and D.D. Awschalom, Direct deposition of magnetic dots using a scanning tunneling microscope. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1990. 57(20): p. 2153.
Koinuma, M. and K. Uosaki, AFM tip induced selective electrochemical etching and metal deposition on p-GaAs(100) surface. Surf. Sci., 1996. 357–358: pp. 565–570.
Piner, R.D., et al., Dip-pen nanolithography. Science, 1999. 283: pp. 661–663.
Xia, Y. and G.M. Whitesides, Soft lithography. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 1998. 37: p. 550.
Mirkin's group. [cited; Available from: http://chemgroups.northwestern.edu/mirkingroup/].
Ginger, D.S., H. Zhang, and C.A. Mirkin, The evolution of Dip-pen nanolithography. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2004. 43: pp. 30–45.
Nano Ink Corp. [cited; Available from: http://www.nanoink.net/].
Nagahara, L.A., T. Thundat, and S.M. Lindsay, Nanolithography on semiconductor surfaces under an etching solution. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1990. 57(3): p. 270.
Ye, J.H., et al., Local modification of n-Si(100) surface in aqueous solutions under anodic and cathodic potential polarization with an in situ scanning tunneling microscope. J. Vac. Sci. Technol., 1995. B13: p. 1423.
Thomson, R.E., J. Moreland, and A. Roshko, Surface modification of YBa2Cu3O7-delta thin films using the scanning tunneling microscope: Five methods. Nanotechnology, 1994. 5: p. 57.
Kaneshiro, C. and T. Okumura, Nanoscale etching of GaAs surfaces in electrolytic solutions by hole injection from a scanning tunneling microscope tip. J. Vac. Sci. Technol., 1997. B15: p. 1595.
Shedd, G.M. and P.E. Russell, The scanning tunneling microscope as a tool for nanofabrication. Nanotechnology, 1990. 1: pp. 67–80.
Li, Y.Z., et al., Writing nanometer-scale symbols in gold using the scanning tunneling microscope. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1989. 54: p. 1424.
Schneir J, et al., Creating and observing surface features with a scanning tunneling microscope. Proc. SPIE, 1987. 897: p. 16.
Kondo, S., et al., Surface modification mechanism of materials with scanning tunneling microscope. J. Appl. Phys., 1995. 78: p. 155.
Mamin, H.J. and D. Rugar, Thermomechanical writing with an atomic force microscope tip. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1992. 61: p. 1003.
Basu, A.S., S. McNamara, and Y.B. Gianchandani, Scanning thermal lithography maskless, submicron thermochemical patterning of photoresist by ultracompliant probes. J. Vac. Sci. Technol., 2004. B22(6): p. 3217.
Vettiger, P., et al., The millipede – more than one thousand tips for future AFM data storage. IBM J. Res. Dev., 2000. 44(323).
Magno, R. and B.R. Bennett, Nanostructure patterns written in III–V semiconductors by an atomic force microscope. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1997. 70: p. 1855.
Filho, H.D.F., et al., Metal layer mask patterning by force microscopy lithography. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2004. B112: p. 194.
Muller, M., et al., Controlled structuring of mica surfaces with the tip of an atomic force microscope by mechanically induced local etching. Surf. Interface Anal., 2004. 36: p. 189.
Hu, S., et al., Fabrication of silicon and metal nanowires and dots using mechanical atomic force lithography. J. Vac. Sci. Technol., 1998. B16: p. 2822.
Chen, Y., J. Hsu, and H. Lin, Fabrication of metal nanowires by atomic force microscopy nanoscratching and lift-off process. Nanotechnology, 2005. 16: pp. 1112–1115.
Jones, A.G., et al., Highly tunable, high-throughput nanolithography based on strained regioregular conducting polymer films. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2006. 89: p. 013119.
Zhou, D., et al., Use of atomic force microscopy for making addresses in DNA coatings. Langmuir, 2002. 18: p. 8278.
Xu, S. and G. Liu, Nanometer-scale fabrication by simultaneous nanoshaving and molecular self-assembly. Langmuir, 1997. 13: pp. 127–129.
Quate, C.F., Scanning probes as a lithography tool for nanostructures. Surf. Sci. 1997. 386: pp. 259–264.
Barrett, R.C. and C.F. Quate, High speed, large-scale imaging with the atomic force microscope. J. Vac. Sci. Technol., 1991. B9: p. 302.
Manalis, S.R., S.C. Minne, and C.F. Quate, Atomic force microscopy for high speed imaging using cantilevers with an integrated actuator and sensor. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1996. 68(6): p. 871.
Marrian, C.R.K., E.A. Dobisz, and J.A. Dagata, Electron-beam lithography with the scanning tunnelling microscope. J. Vac. Sci. Technol., 1992. B10(6): p. 2877.
Park, S.W., et al., Nanometer scale lithography at high scanning speeds with the atomic force microscope using spin on glass. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1995. 67(16): p. 2415.
Wilder, K., et al., Nanometer-scale patterning and individual current-controlled lithography using multiple scanning probes. Rev. Sci. Instrum., 1999. 70(6): p. 2822.
Despont, M., et al., VLSI-NEMS chip for parallel AFM data storage. Sens. Actuators, 2000. 80: pp. 100–107.
Salaita, K., et al., Massively parallel Dip–pen nanolithography with 55000-pen two-dimensional arrays. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2006. 45: pp. 7220–7223.
Tseng, A.A., A. Notargiacomo, and T.P. Chen, Nanofabrication by scanning probe microscope lithography: A review. J. Vac. Sci. Technol., 2005. B23(3): p. 877.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Cui, Z. (2008). Nanofabrication by Scanning Probes. In: Nanofabrication. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-75577-9_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-75577-9_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-75576-2
Online ISBN: 978-0-387-75577-9
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)