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Encyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development pp 1065–1068Cite as

Parkinson’s Disease

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Definition

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is primarily characterized by motor dysfunction.

Description

Idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects around 1/1,000 individuals [36]. The pathology of this disorder is focused on the substantia nigra (SN) and nigrostriatal tract, resulting in the motor symptoms that characterize this disorder [5]. Onset occurs most commonly after the age of 50 and its incidence increases with advancing age [11]. While PD is primarily characterized by motor dysfunction, signs of early cognitive disturbances are also a feature of the disease process [6, 28, 34]. The end consequence of this cognitive decline may be frank dementia. Indeed, research indicates that a substantial number of individuals with PD (∼40%) will progress to a diagnosis of dementia (see [12] for review).

Motor Symptoms

Tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia and postural instability...

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, Canterbury, 8024, New Zealand

    Audrey McKinlay

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  1. Audrey McKinlay
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Neurology, Learning and Behavior Center, 230 South 500 East, Suite 100, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84102, USA

    Sam Goldstein Ph.D.

  2. Department of Psychology MS 2C6, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA

    Jack A. Naglieri Ph.D. (Professor of Psychology) (Professor of Psychology)

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McKinlay, A. (2011). Parkinson’s Disease. In: Goldstein, S., Naglieri, J.A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79061-9_2084

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79061-9_2084

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-387-77579-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-79061-9

  • eBook Packages: Behavioral Science

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