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Pain Assessment in Children Undergoing Regional Anesthesia

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Pediatric Atlas of Ultrasound- and Nerve Stimulation-Guided Regional Anesthesia

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Abstract

Accurate and reliable assessment of pain in children is critical since a large portion of this population cannot verbally communicate and describe any pain they are experiencing. However, the inability of many young children to adequately report pain or discomfort makes pain assessment in pediatric patients difficult. A variety of different pain scales and reporting tools have been developed to facilitate pain assessment for each pediatric age group, from neonates to adolescents. Additionally, specialized pain reporting scales have been developed to allow pain assessment in critically ill children and children with developmental delays. This chapter outlines the principles and concepts underlying pain assessment and reporting in children and discusses some of the factors that influence pain assessment in the pediatric population. Examples of currently available pain assessment tools are also provided, and their uses, advantages, and disadvantages are discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Stollery Children’s Hospital, University of Alberta, 2-150 Clinical Sciences Building, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2B7, Canada

    Bruce D. Dick PhD, R Psych

  2. Pediatric Anesthesia, Stollery Children’s Hospital, 8440 – 112 St, Room 1C3.09, Edmonton, AB, T6G2B7, Canada

    Kathy Reid RN, MN, NP

  3. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, 2-150 Clinical Sciences Building, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G3, Canada

    Michelle J. Verrier BA

  4. Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada

    Alex Baloukov MPH

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  1. Bruce D. Dick PhD, R Psych
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  2. Kathy Reid RN, MN, NP
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  3. Michelle J. Verrier BA
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  4. Alex Baloukov MPH
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Correspondence to Bruce D. Dick PhD, R Psych .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Stollery Children's Hospital/University of Alberta Hospital, Cross Cancer Institute, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Albertra, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

    Ban C.H. Tsui

  2. Department of Pediatric Anesthesiology and Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    Santhanam Suresh

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Dick, B.D., Reid, K., Verrier, M.J., Baloukov, A. (2016). Pain Assessment in Children Undergoing Regional Anesthesia. In: Tsui, B., Suresh, S. (eds) Pediatric Atlas of Ultrasound- and Nerve Stimulation-Guided Regional Anesthesia. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79964-3_6

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