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Bifurcations and state changes in the human alpha rhythm: Theory and experiment

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Book cover Modeling Phase Transitions in the Brain

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Computational Neuroscience ((NEUROSCI,volume 4))

Abstract

Despite many decades investigating scalp recordable 8–13-Hz (alpha) electroencephalographic activity, no consensus has yet emerged regarding its physiological origins nor its functional role in cognition. Here we outline a detailed, physiologically meaningful, theory for the genesis of this rhythm that may provide important clues to its functional role. In particular we find that electroencephalographically plausible model dynamics, obtained with physiological admissible parameterisations, reveals a cortex perched on the brink of stability, which when perturbed gives rise to a range of unanticipated complex dynamics that include 40-Hz (gamma) activity. Preliminary experimental evidence, involving the detection of weak nonlinearity in resting EEG using an extension of the well-known surrogate data method, suggests that nonlinear (deterministic) dynamics are more likely to be associated with weakly damped alpha activity. Thus rather than the “alpha rhythm” being an idling rhythm it may be more profitable to conceive it as a readiness rhythm.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Underlined symbols denote functions spatially averaged in the following manner.

  2. 2.

    In this context, “alpha” refers to a particular single-parameter function, the so-called alpha function, often used in dendritic cable theory to model the time-course of a single postsynaptic potential.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Brain Sciences Institute (BSI), Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Victoria, 3122, Australia

    D.T.J. Liley, M.P. Dafilis, F. Frascoli & B.L. Foster

  2. Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve Blvd. W., H3G 1M8, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

    L. van Veen

  3. Department of Cognitive Neuroscience (126), Donders Institute for Neuroscience, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Postbus 9101, 6500, HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

    I. Bojak

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  1. D.T.J. Liley
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  2. I. Bojak
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Correspondence to D.T.J. Liley .

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  1. Dept. Engineering, University of Waikato, Hillcrest Road, Hamilton, 3240, New Zealand

    D. Alistair Steyn-Ross

  2. Dept. Engineering, University of Waikato, Hillcrest Road, Hamilton, 3240, New Zealand

    Moira Steyn-Ross

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Liley, D., Bojak, I., Dafilis, M., van Veen, L., Frascoli, F., Foster, B. (2010). Bifurcations and state changes in the human alpha rhythm: Theory and experiment. In: Steyn-Ross, D., Steyn-Ross, M. (eds) Modeling Phase Transitions in the Brain. Springer Series in Computational Neuroscience, vol 4. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0796-7_6

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