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Molecular Mechanisms of Poliovirus Pathogenesis

  • Chapter
Molecular Neurovirology

Abstract

Poliomyelitis, an acute disease of the central nervous system (CNS), is caused by poliovirus. Poliovirus is a human enterovirus belonging to the Picornaviridae, and is classified into three stable serotypes (types 1, 2, and 3). Poliovirus strains, except for type 2 virulent strains, infect only primates. The poliovirus infection is initiated by ingestion of a virus and its primary multiplication in the alimentary mucosa. The tonsils and Peyer’s patches are invaded early in the course of infection, and extensive viral multiplication occurs in these loci. From these primary sites, the virus moves into deep cervical and mesenteric lymph nodes, and then into the blood. When effective viremia is established, the virus spreads into the CNS, and then paralytic poliomyelitis occurs as a result of destruction of motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord through lytic viral replication.

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Authors
  1. Akio Nomoto
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  2. Satoshi Koike
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    Raymond P. Roos

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© 1992 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Nomoto, A., Koike, S. (1992). Molecular Mechanisms of Poliovirus Pathogenesis. In: Roos, R.P. (eds) Molecular Neurovirology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0407-7_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0407-7_6

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-6748-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-0407-7

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