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Objectification and (De)Humanization pp 25–51Cite as

The Psychology of Humanness

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Part of the book series: Nebraska Symposium on Motivation ((NSM,volume 60))

Abstract

This chapter explores the ways in which the concept of “humanness” illuminates a wide and fascinating variety of psychological phenomena. After introducing the concept—everyday understandings of what it is to be human—we present a model of the diverse ways in which humanness can be denied to people. According to this model people may be perceived as lacking uniquely human characteristics, and thus likened to animals, or as lacking human nature, and thus likened to inanimate objects. Both of these forms of dehumanization occur with varying degrees of subtlety, from the explicit uses of derogatory animal metaphors, to stereotypes that ascribe lesser humanness or simpler minds to particular groups, to nonconscious associations between certain humans and nonhumans. After reviewing research on dehumanization through the lens of our model we examine additional topics that the psychology of humanness clarifies, notably the perception of nonhuman animals and the objectification of women. Humanness emerges as a concept that runs an integrating thread through a variety of research literatures.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia

    Nick Haslam, Steve Loughnan & Elise Holland

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  1. Nick Haslam
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  2. Steve Loughnan
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  3. Elise Holland
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Correspondence to Nick Haslam .

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  1. , Dept of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 338 Burnett Hall, Lincoln, 68588, Nebraska, USA

    Sarah J. Gervais

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Haslam, N., Loughnan, S., Holland, E. (2013). The Psychology of Humanness. In: Gervais, S. (eds) Objectification and (De)Humanization. Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, vol 60. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6959-9_2

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