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Emerging Technologies to Study Long Non-coding RNAs

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Molecular Biology of Long Non-coding RNAs

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Abstract

It has been less than half a century since Robert W. Holley et al. used 140 kg of commercial baker’s yeast to characterize the first noncoding RNA (ncRNA), alanine tRNA. Now, 48 years later, advancements in genomic technologies have enabled scientists to study genomes, transcriptomes, and proteomes, on an unprecedented and high-throughput scale, and even at the single cell resolution. These discoveries have completely changed the classical view of the central dogma of molecular biology, as we now understand that protein coding genes account for less than 2 % of human genome, however, the vast majority of the genome is transcribed (Clark et al. 2011) {Lander, 2001 #41}. This means that the bulk of the genome encodes for ncRNA molecules, which can be further categorized into housekeeping and regulatory ncRNAs. The latter can be broadly classified based on their size as small ncRNAs (< 200 bp) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) (> 200 bp) (Nagano and Fraser 2011; Ponting et al. 2009). Many of the small ncRNAs have been identified and their mechanism of action has been heavily studied. However, the journey to study the lncRNAs has just begun (Gupta et al. 2010; Wilusz et al. 2009; Derrien et al. 2012).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA

    Fereshteh Jahaniani, Varsha Rao, Stephanie Nevins, Damek Spacek, Neal Bharadwaj, Jason Reuter & Michael Snyder

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  1. Fereshteh Jahaniani
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  2. Varsha Rao
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  3. Stephanie Nevins
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  4. Damek Spacek
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  5. Neal Bharadwaj
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  6. Jason Reuter
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  7. Michael Snyder
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Correspondence to Michael Snyder .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    Ahmad M. Khalil

  2. Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    Jeff Coller

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Jahaniani, F. et al. (2013). Emerging Technologies to Study Long Non-coding RNAs. In: Khalil, A., Coller, J. (eds) Molecular Biology of Long Non-coding RNAs. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8621-3_7

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