Abstract
Biodiversity, or biological diversity, is defined as variations in gene, species, and ecosystem habitat (terrestrial and aquatic) (Chapman, 1999). The extinction of plant and animal species results in loss of biodiversity. Humans have increased the rate of extinction through direct and indirect human activity encroaching on natural ecosystems. Direct activity consists of killing flora and fauna for consumption. Indirect activity consists of destruction of the habitat by (1) land conversion through tropical deforestation and draining of wetlands for agricultural use, (2) introduction of exotic species that do not have predators, and (3) pollution.
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Fernandez, L. (2002). Economics of Biodiversity. In: Ambasht, R.S., Ambasht, N.K. (eds) Modern Trends in Applied Terrestrial Ecology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0223-4_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0223-4_4
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