Abstract
Worldwide photosynthetic fixation of carbon dioxide is estimated to yield annually up to 150 X 109 tons of dry plant material (biomass) (Lieth, 1973; Whittaker and Likens, 1973; Bassham, 1975; Stephens and Heichel, 1975). Almost half of this material consists of cellulose (28–50%); other major components are hemicelluloses (20–30%) and lignin (18–30%) (Thompson, 1983). Additional important but minor constituents of biomass are proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates such as chitin, starch, and pectin. A list of the amounts of cellulose in various plants has been compiled by Stephens and Heichel (1975). The biomass is eventually degraded and oxidized to CO2 and returned to the atmosphere. Thus, we have a carbon cycle. The gain of the cycling process is the capture of solar energy, which is then used by living cells for growth and maintenance.
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Ljungdahl, L.G., Eriksson, KE. (1985). Ecology of Microbial Cellulose Degradation. In: Marshall, K.C. (eds) Advances in Microbial Ecology. Advances in Microbial Ecology, vol 8. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9412-3_6
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