Abstract
Dosage compensation for X-linked genes occurs by the process of X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) in mammalian somatic cells (Lyon 1972). The inactivation of one X chromosome in females takes place early in development, although the exact time is unknown. One method of ascertaining the time of XCI is to determine the activity of the X chromosome at different stages of development as measured by the activity of an X-coded enzyme. Prior to XCI, and in the absence of other dosage compensating mechanisms, the activity for an embryonically expressed X-coded enzyme should be twice as high in female embryos with two X chromosomes, as in male embryos with one X chromosome. The distribution of enzyme activities for single embryos from a litter would have two equal-sized peaks that are separated by a factor of two. The convergence of the two peaks into one would indicate that XCI had occurred.
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Kratzer, P.G., Gartler, S.M. (1978). Hypoxanthine Guanine Phosphoribosyl Transferase Expression in Early Mouse Development. In: Russell, L.B. (eds) Genetic Mosaics and Chimeras in Mammals. Basic Life Sciences, vol 12. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3390-6_19
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3390-6_19
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