Abstract
Repeated electrical stimulation of the brain can result in the development of spontaneous recurrent seizures in dogs, cats and rats (10, 49, 51) or status epilepticus in dogs and cats (1, 49). In primates, Delgado (7) found that repeated electrical brain stimulation results in a lasting change in the EEG signature of induced seizure. Subsequently, the critical conditions necessary for progressive changes induced by repeated electrical brain stimulation were identified by Goddard who baptized it “the kindling phenomenon” (15, 16). His original studies were primarily in rodents, but he was the first to extend the observation to primates, with the specific intention of verifying the validity of the kindling phenomenon across the species. Although considerable difficulty was encountered in identifying the optimal parameters of stimulation, and despite considerable variation in the results obtained, he was able to conclude that unilateral or bilateral clonic seizure can be induced after six months of stimulation„ Furthermore, once established, a rest interval of eight weeks did not weaken the kindled response in the rhesus monkey. In the meantime, spontaneous seizure development was being documented in nonepileptic patients who underwent either a series of ECTs (33), or prolonged intracerebral electrical stimulation (24, 35). All these findings strongly suggest that, in response to repeated electrical brain stimulation, the progressive development and acquisition of lasting seizure suceptibility which culminate in the emission of spontaneous seizures are the likely biological principles operating in all mammalian species, including man.
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Wada, J.A. (1990). Erosion of Kindled Epileptogenesis and Kindling-Induced Long-Term Seizure Suppressive Effect in Primates. In: Wada, J.A. (eds) Kindling 4. Advances in Behavioral Biology, vol 37. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5796-4_28
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5796-4_28
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