Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Use of Fungi in Pulping Wood: An Overview of Biopulping Research

  • Chapter
Frontiers in Industrial Mycology

Abstract

Fresh wood chips destined and stored for pulp production are rapidly colonized by a variety of microorganisms, including many species of fungi. These organisms compete vigorously while easily assimilable foodstuffs last, and then their populations decrease. They are replaced by fungi that are able to degrade and gain nourishment from the cell wall structural polymers: cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin. Left unchecked, these last colonizers, mostly “white-rot fungi,” eventually decompose the wood to carbon dioxide and water. Some of them selectively degrade the lignin component, which is what chemical pulping processes accomplish. Biopulping is the concept of deliberately harnessing white-rot fungi for pulping.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Akamatsu, I., Yoshihara, K., Kamishima, H., and Fujii, T. 1984. Influence of white-rot fungi on poplar chips and thermo-mechanical pulping of fungi-treated chips. Mokuzai Gakkaishi 30: 697–702.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ander, P., and Eriksson, K.-E. 1975. Mekanisk massa frän förrötad flis-en inledande undersökning. Svensk Papperstidning 18: 641–642.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bar-Lev, S. S. Kirk, T. K., and Chang, H.-m. 1982. Fungal treatment can reduce energy requirements for secondary refining of TMP. Tappi Journal 65: 111–113.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blanchette, R. A., Burnes, T. A., Leatham, G. F., and Effland, M. J. 1988. Selection of white-rot fungi for biopulping. Biomass 15: 93–101.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Burdsall, H. H., Jr., aid Eslyn, W. E. 1974. A new Phanerochaete with a chrysosporium imperfect state. Mycotaxon 1: 123–133.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eriksson, K.-E., Ander, P., Henningsson, B., Nilsson, T., and Goodell, B. 1976. Method for producing pulp. June 8, 1976, U.S., Patent No. 3, 962, 033.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eriksson, K.-E., and Kirk, T. K. 1985. Biopulping, biobleaching and treatment of kraft bleaching effluents with white-rot fungi. Pp. 271–294 in C. L. Cooney, and A. E. Humphrey (eds.), The Principles of Biotechnology: Engineering Considerations. In M. Moo-Young, (ed.), Comprehensive Biotechnology: The Principles, Applications and Regulations of Biotechnology in Industry, Agriculture and Medicine. Pergamon Press,New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harpole, G. B., Leatham, G. F., and Myers, G. C. 1989. Economic assessment of biomechanical pulping. In Proceedings of the International mechanical pulping conference 1989—Mechanical pulp—Responding to the end product demands; 1989 June 6–8; Helsinki. 2: 398–408.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hesseltine, C. W. 1972. Solid state fermentations. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 14: 517–532.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johnsrud, S. C., and Eriksson, K.-E. 1985. Cross-breeding of selected and mutated homokaryotic strains of Phanerochaete chrysosporium K-3: New cellulase deficient strains with increased ability to degrade lignin. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 21: 320–327.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johnsrud, S. C., Fernandez, N., Lopez, P., Guitiérrez, I., Saez, A., and Eriksson, K.-E. 1987. Properties of fungal pretreated high yield bagasse pulps. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, Special Issue 2: 47–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kawase, K. 1962. Chemical components of wood decayed under natural conditions and their properties. Journal of Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University 52: 186–245.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kersten, P. J. 1990. Glyoxal oxidase of Phanerochaete chrysosporium: Its characterization and activation by lignin peroxidase. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 87: 2936–2940.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirk, T. K. 1988. Lignin degradation by Phanerochaete chrysosporium. ISI Atlas of Science: Biochemistry 1: 71–76.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawson, L. R., Jr. and Still, C. N. 1957. The biological decomposition of lignin—literature survey. Tappi Journal 40: 56A - 80A.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leatham, G. F., and Myers, G. C. 1990. A PFI mill can be used to predict biomechanical pulp strength properties. Tappi Journal 73: 192–197.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leatham, G. F., Myers, G. C., and Wegner, T. H. 1990. Biomechanical pulping of aspen chips: energy savings resulting from different fungal treatments. Tappi Journal 73: 197–200.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leatham, G. F., Myers, G. C., Wegner, T. H., and Blanchette, R. A. 1990. Biomechanical pulping of aspen chips: paper strength and optical properties resulting from different fungal treatments. Tappi Journal 73: 249–255.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leatham, G. F., Myers, G. C., Wegner, T. H., and Blanchette, R. A. 1990. Energy savings in biomechanical pulping. Pp. 17–26 in T. K. Kirk and H.-m. Chang (eds.), Biotechnology in Pulp and Paper Manufacture. Butterworth Publishers, Stoneham, MA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Myers, G. C., Leatham, G. F., Wegner, T. H., and Blanchette, R. A. 1988. Fungal pretreatment of aspen chips improves strength of refiner mechanical pulp. Tappi Journal 71: 105–108.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nishida, T., Kashino, Y., Mimura, A., and Takahara, Y. 1988. Lignin biodegradation by wood-rotting fungi. I. Screening of lignin-degrading fungi. Mokuzai Gakkaishi 34: 530–536.

    Google Scholar 

  • Otjen, L., Blanchette, R., Effland, M., and Leatham, G. 1987. Assessment of 30 white rot basidiomycetes for selective lignin degradation. Holzforschung 41: 343–349.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reis, C. J. and Libby, C. E. 1960. An experimental study of the effect of Fomes pini (Thore) Lloyd on the pulping qualities of pond pine Pinus serotina (Michx) cooked by the sulfate process. Tappi Journal 43: 489–499.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ruel, K., Barnoud, F., and Eriksson, K.-E. 1981. Micromorphological and ultrastructural aspects of spruce wood degradation by wild-type Sporotrichum pulverulentum and its cellulase-less mutant Cel 44. Holzforschung 35: 157–171.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ruel, K., Barnoud, F., and Eriksson, K.-E. 1984. Ultrastructural aspects of wood degradation by Sporotrichum pulverulentum—Observations on spruce wood impregnated with glucose. Holzforschung 38: 61–68.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sachs, I. B., Leatham, G. F., and Myers, G. C. 1989. Biomechanical pulping of aspen chips by Phanerochaete chrysosporium: Fungal growth pattern and effects on wood cell walls. Wood and Fiber Science 21: 331–342.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Samuelsson, L, Mjöberg, P. J., Harder, N., Vallander, L., and Eriksson, K.-E. 1980. Influence of fungal treatment of the strength versus energy relationship in mechanical pulping. Svensk Papperstidning 8: 221–225.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schalch, H., Gaskell, J., Smith, T. L., and Cullen, D. 1989. Molecular cloning and sequences of lignin peroxidase genes of Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Molecular and Cellular Biology 9: 2743–2747.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schoemaker, H. E., and Leisola, M. S. A. 1990. Degradation of lignin by Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Journal of Biotechnology 13:101–109.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wall, M. B., Lightfoot, E. N., Cameron, D. C., Cockrem, M. C. M., and Leatham, G. F. 1990. Design of a biopulping reactor. Transactions of the Mycological Society of the Republic of China. In press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wegner, T. H., Leatham, G. F., Myers, G. C., and Kirk, T. K. 1991. Biological treatments as an alternative to chemical pretreatments in high-yield wood pulping. Tappi Journal. In press.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. T. Kent Kirk
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Richard R. Burgess
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. John W. Koning Jr.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Ecova Corporation, 18640 N.E. 67th Court, 98052, Redmond, WA, USA

    Gary F. Leatham (Senior Scientist) (Senior Scientist)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1992 Routledge, Chapman & Hall, Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Kirk, T.K., Burgess, R.R., Koning, J.W. (1992). Use of Fungi in Pulping Wood: An Overview of Biopulping Research. In: Leatham, G.F. (eds) Frontiers in Industrial Mycology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7112-0_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7112-0_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-7114-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-7112-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation