Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Nanotechnology: An Innovative Way for Wastewater Treatment and Purification

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Advanced Research in Nanosciences for Water Technology

Part of the book series: Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences ((NALIS))

Abstract

In this modern era, nanotechnology is offering great potential for the treatment of wastewater in an extraordinary way as compared to the commercial methods. Traditional wastewater treatments involve high costs and deal with heavy metals. Use of nanomaterials for cleaning wastewater is a recent approach. On the contrary, use of various novel nanomaterials synthesized in-situ for the treatment of wastewater reduced with different pollutants, such as organic and inorganic content, toxic heavy metal ions have been exemplified, due to their unique activity towards contaminants. The fields of nano-biotechnology and nanotechnology are under active research for the application of wastewater treatment. Nanoparticles consist of many strategies such as ultrafiltration membrane, osmosis, sorption, nano-filtration degradation, advanced oxidation process and water remediation as well as disinfection through nanomaterials. In wastewater, the eliminating contaminant concentration efficiency of nanoparticles is dependent upon the physical and chemical characteristics of nanomaterial, the contaminant, and wastewater. Actually various nanoparticles channel with nanofibers, and carbon nanotubes are one of the developing items which are used as a part of nanotechnology.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 139.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Aziz N, Faraz M, Pandey R, Sakir M, Fatma T, Varma A, Barman I, Prasad R (2015) Facile algae-derived route to biogenic silver nanoparticles: synthesis, antibacterial and photocatalytic properties. Langmuir 31:11605–11612. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03081

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Black M, Sutila T (1994) Mega-slums: the coming sanitary crisis: a WaterAid report. WaterAid, London, pp 1–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowen WR, Welfoot JS (2002) Modelling the performance of membrane nanofiltration—critical assessment and model development. Chem Eng Sci 57:1121–1137

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bhuyan T, Mishra K, Khanuja M, Prasad R, Varma A (2015) Biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles from Azadirachta indica for antibacterial and photocatalytic applications. Mater Sci Semicond Process 32:55–61

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Burns V (2014) The ABCs of point source versus nonpoint source pollution, what’s the difference? https://savelakewinnipeg.org/2014/04/21/the-abcs-of-point-source-versus-nonpoint-source-pollution-whats-the-difference/

  • Cadotte J, Forester R, Kim M, Petersen R, Stocker T (1988) Nanofiltration membranes broaden the use of membrane separation technology. Desalination 70:77–88

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen T, Xu Y, Peng Z, Li A, Liu J (2017) Simultaneous enhancement of bioactivity and stability of laccase by Cu2+/PAA/PPEGA matrix for efficient biosensing and recyclable decontamination of pyrocatechol. Anal Chem 89:2065–2072

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cheng M, Zeng G, Huang D, Lai C, Xu P, Zhang C, Liu Y (2016) Hydroxyl radicals based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for remediation of soils contaminated with organic compounds: a review. Chem Eng J 284:582–598

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clark RB, Frid C, Attrill M (1989) Marine pollution, 4th edn. Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp 0–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Day DG (1996) How Australian social policy neglects water environments. Aust J Soil Water Conserv 9:3–9

    Google Scholar 

  • Dhote J, Ingole S, Chavhan A (2012) Review on waste water treatment technologies. Int J Eng 1:1–10

    Google Scholar 

  • UNDo Economic (2007) Indicators of sustainable development: guidelines and methodologies, 3rd edn. United Nations Publications, New York, pp 1–398

    Google Scholar 

  • Egerton TA (2014) UV-absorption-the primary process in photocatalysis and some practical consequences. Molecules 19:18192–18214

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Fytili D, Zabaniotou A (2008) Utilization of sewage sludge in EU application of old and new methods-a review. Renew Sust Energ Rev 12:116–140

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goel PK (2006) Water pollution: causes, effects and control. New Age International, New Delhi, pp 1–7

    Google Scholar 

  • Gogate PR, Pandit AB (2004) A review of imperative technologies for wastewater treatment II: hybrid methods. Adv Environ Res 8:553–597

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gorelick SM, Evans B, Remson I (1983) Identifying sources of groundwater pollution: an optimization approach. Water Resour Res 19:779–790

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gozalvez J, Lora J, Mendoza J, Sancho M (2002) Modelling of a low-pressure reverse osmosis system with concentrate recirculation to obtain high recovery levels. Desalination 144:341–345

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greenlee LF, Lawler DF, Freeman BD, Marrot BD, Moulin P (2009) Reverse osmosis desalination: water sources, technology, and today’s challenges. Water Res 43:2317–2348

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta VK, Ali I, Saleh TA, Nayak A, Agarwal S (2012) Chemical treatment technologies for waste-water recycling an overview. RSC Adv 2:6380–6388

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kanu I, Achi O (2011) Industrial effluents and their impact on water quality of receiving rivers in Nigeria. J Appl Technol Environ Sani 1:75–86

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kudo A, Miseki Y (2009) Heterogeneous photocatalyst materials for water splitting. Chem Soc Rev 38:253–278

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Liu Z, Bai H, Lee J, Sun DD (2011) A low-energy forward osmosis process to produce drinking water. Energy Environ Sci 4(7):2582–2585

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ma J, Ding Z, Wei G, Zhao H, Huang T (2009) Sources of water pollution and evolution of water quality in the Wuwei basin of Shiyang river, Northwest China. J Environ Manag 90(2):1168–1177

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mahadik S (2017) Applications of nanotechnology in water and waste water treatment. J Manag Technol 7:187–191

    Google Scholar 

  • Mance G (2012) Pollution threat of heavy metals in aquatic environments. Springer Science & Business Media, Dordrecht

    Google Scholar 

  • Mart L (1979) Prevention of contamination and other accuracy risks in voltammetric trace metal analysis of natural waters. Fresenius' Z Anal Chem 296:350–357

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martínez F, Calleja G, Melero JA, Molina R (2005) Heterogeneous photo-Fenton degradation of phenolic aqueous solutions over iron-containing SBA-15 catalyst. Appl Catal B 60:181–190

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nadziakiewicz J, WacÅ‚awiak K, Stelmach S (2007) Thermal processes for waste treatment. The Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice

    Google Scholar 

  • Nassar AM, Hajjaj K (2013) Purification of stormwater using sand filter. J Water Res Protect 5:1007–1012

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nguyen VH, Wu JC (2018) Recent developments in the design of photoreactors for solar energy conversion from water splitting and CO2 reduction. Appl Catal A 550:122–141

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ni M, Leung MK, Leung DY, Sumathy K (2007) A review and recent developments in photocatalytic water-splitting using TiO2 for hydrogen production. Renew Sust Energ Rev 11:401–425

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ødegaard (1992) PROZONE. Cooling towers application ozone + AOP for cooling towers. http://www.prozoneint.com/industrial/cooling-towers-application/

  • Savage N, Diallo MS (2005) Nanomaterials and water purification: opportunities and challenges. J Nanopart Res 7:331–342

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schaffner M, Bader HP, Scheidegger R (2009) Modeling the contribution of point sources and non-point sources to Thachin River water pollution. Sci Total Environ 407:4902–4915

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scheren P, Zanting H, Lemmens A (2000) Estimation of water pollution sources in Lake Victoria, East Africa: application and elaboration of the rapid assessment methodology. J Environ Manag 58:235–248

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Segneanu AE, Orbeci C, Lazau C, Sfirloaga P, Vlazan P, Bandas C, Grozescu I (2013) Waste water treatment methods. IntechOpen, London, pp 53–80. https://doi.org/10.5772/53755

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Shon H, Phuntsho S, Chaudhary D, Vigneswaran S, Cho J (2013) Nanofiltration for water and wastewater treatment-a mini review. Drink Water Eng Sci 6:47–53

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Simeonidis K, Mourdikoudis S, Kaprara E, Mitrakas M, Polavarapu L (2016) Inorganic engineered nanoparticles in drinking water treatment: a critical review. Environ Sci Water Res Technol 2:43–70

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tajrishy M, Abrishamchi A (2005) Integrated approach to water and wastewater management for Tehra Iran. Paper presented at the Water Conservation Reuse and Recycling. Proceedings of the Iranian-American Workshop

    Google Scholar 

  • Tentu RD, Basu S (2017) Photocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen production. Curr Opin Electrochem 5:56–62

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Theron J, Eugene CT, de Kwaadsteniet M (2010) Current molecular and emerging nanobiotechnology approaches for the detection of microbial pathogens. Crit Rev Microbiol 36:318–339

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tsuru T, Izumi S, Yoshioka T, Asaeda M (2000) Temperature effect on transport performance by inorganic nanofiltration membranes. AICHE J 46:565–574

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Van der Bruggen B, Braeken L, Vandecasteele C (2002) Evaluation of parameters describing flux decline in nanofiltration of aqueous solutions containing organic compounds. Desalination 147:281–288

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Verma S, Daverey A, Sharma A (2017) Slow sand filtration for water and wastewater treatment–a review. Environ Technol Rev 6:47–58

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vikesland PJ, Wigginton KR (2010) Nanomaterial enabled biosensors for pathogen monitoring-a review. Environ Sci Technol 44:3656–3669

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • WHO (1996) Rapid sand filtration.(= fact sheets on environmental sanitation, 2/14). Geneva: World Health Organization (WHO). Accessed 15 Feb 2012

    Google Scholar 

  • Xiao J, Xie Y, Cao H (2015) Organic pollutants removal in wastewater by heterogeneous photocatalytic ozonation. Chemosphere 121:1–17

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yao KM, Habibian MT, O'Melia CR (1971) Water and waste water filtration. Concepts and applications. Environ Sci Technol 5:1105–1112

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang Z, Wang P (2012) Highly stable copper oxide composite as an effective photocathode for water splitting via a facile electrochemical synthesis strategy. J Mater Chem 22:2456–2464

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zheng Y (2011) Pretreatment of pharmaceutical wastewater by catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO). Paper presented at the ISWREP International Symposium

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan

    Muhammad Rafique, Muhammad Bilal Tahir & Iqra Sadaf

Authors
  1. Muhammad Rafique
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Muhammad Bilal Tahir
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Iqra Sadaf
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Muhammad Rafique .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China

    Ram Prasad

  2. State University of Maringa, Paraná, Paraná, Brazil

    Thirugnanasambandham Karchiyappan

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Rafique, M., Tahir, M.B., Sadaf, I. (2019). Nanotechnology: An Innovative Way for Wastewater Treatment and Purification. In: Prasad, R., Karchiyappan, T. (eds) Advanced Research in Nanosciences for Water Technology. Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02381-2_5

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation