Abstract
Regeneration of lost body parts is essential to regain the fitness of the organism for successful living. In the animal kingdom, organisms from different clades exhibit varied regeneration abilities. Hydra is one of the few organisms that possess tremendous regeneration potential, capable of regenerating complete organism from small tissue fragments or even from dissociated cells. This peculiar property has made this genus one of the most invaluable model organisms for understanding the process of regeneration. Multiple studies in Hydra led to the current understanding of gross morphological changes, basic cellular dynamics, and the role of molecular signalling such as the Wnt signalling pathway. However, cell-to-cell communication by cell adhesion, role of extracellular components such as extracellular matrix (ECM), and nature of cell types that contribute to the regeneration process need to be explored in depth. Additionally, roles of developmental signalling pathways need to be elucidated to enable more comprehensive understanding of regeneration in Hydra. Further research on cross communication among extracellular, cellular, and molecular signalling in Hydra will advance the field of regeneration biology. Here, we present a review of the existing literature on Hydra regeneration biology and outline the future perspectives.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Prof. Sanjeev Galande for the discussions and suggestions and Dr. Apurva Barve for reviewing this chapter. PCR is supported by Early Career Fellowship of the Wellcome Trust-DBT India Alliance (IA/E/16/1/503057). AG is supported by a fellowship from the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India. MU is supported by fellowship from the University Grants Commission (UGC), India.
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Reddy, P.C., Gungi, A., Unni, M. (2019). Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Hydra Regeneration. In: Tworzydlo, W., Bilinski, S. (eds) Evo-Devo: Non-model Species in Cell and Developmental Biology. Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation, vol 68. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23459-1_12
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