Abstract
In this paper, Smart City is described as a live and constantly developing complex adaptive system operating in an uncertain environment with many participants and actors involved. The vision of the “Smart City 5.0” concept as an ecosystem of smart services based on multi-agent technology is presented. It is characterized by the cooperation of Artificial Intelligence systems and humans, and can harmoniously balance all spheres of life and contradictory interests of different city actors. In this concept, each smart service is presented by an autonomous agent. They can compete or cooperate with each other through a service bus and interact both vertically and horizontally on the basis of specialized protocols. Top-level services can be constructed as autonomous multi-agent systems of a lower level, where an agent can recursively reveal a new service for itself. The paper describes the design principals and the general architecture of the digital platform including the basic agent of smart service, the architecture and basic principles of smart city ontologies and knowledge base. The paper shows how the platform can support the decision-making life cycle for managing any urban object and the adaptive behaviour of Smart City 5.0 is compared with the fixed scenarios Smart City 4.0.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the European Regional Development Fund under the project AI&Reasoning (reg. no. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/15_003/0000466).
The paper has been prepared based on the scientific research materials realized within the subsidized state theme of the Institute for Control of Complex Systems of the Russian Academy of Sciences for research and development on the topic: № AAAA-A19-119030190053-2 “Research and development of methods and means of analytical design, computer-based knowledge representation, computational algorithms and multi-agent technology in problems of optimizing management processes in complex systems”.
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Svítek, M., Skobelev, P., Kozhevnikov, S. (2020). Smart City 5.0 as an Urban Ecosystem of Smart Services. In: Borangiu, T., Trentesaux, D., Leitão, P., Giret Boggino, A., Botti, V. (eds) Service Oriented, Holonic and Multi-agent Manufacturing Systems for Industry of the Future. SOHOMA 2019. Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol 853. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27477-1_33
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