Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-22 belongs to the IL-10 cytokine family which performs biological functions by binding to heterodimer receptors comprising a type 1 receptor chain (R1) and a type 2 receptor chain (R2). IL-22 is mainly derived from CD4+ helper T cells, CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, innate lymphocytes, and natural killer T cells. It can activate downstream signaling pathways such as signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)1/3/5, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (AKT)-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) through these heterodimer receptors. Although IL-22 is produced by immune cells, its specific receptor IL-22R1 is selectively expressed in nonimmune cells, such as hepatocytes, colonic epithelial cells, and pancreatic epithelial cells (Jiang et al. Hepatology 54(3):900–9, 2011; Jiang et al. BMC Cancer 13:59, 2013; Curd et al. Clin Exp Immunol 168(2):192–9, 2012). Immune cells do not respond to IL-22 stimulation directly within tumors, reports from different groups have revealed that IL-22 can indirectly regulate the tumor microenvironment (TME). In the present chapter, we discuss the roles of IL-22 in malignant cells and immunocytes within the TME, meanwhile, the potential roles of IL-22 as a target for drug discovery will be discussed.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Ouyang W et al (2011) Regulation and functions of the IL-10 family of cytokines in inflammation and disease. Annu Rev Immunol 29:71–109
Sheppard P et al (2003) IL-28, IL-29 and their class II cytokine receptor IL-28R. Nat Immunol 4(1):63–68
Kotenko SV (2002) The family of IL-10-related cytokines and their receptors: related, but to what extent? Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 13(3):223–240
Sabat R et al (2007) IL-19 and IL-20: two novel cytokines with importance in inflammatory diseases. Expert Opin Ther Targets 11(5):601–612
Wolk K, Sabat R (2006) Interleukin-22: a novel T- and NK-cell derived cytokine that regulates the biology of tissue cells. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 17(5):367–380
Sanos SL et al (2009) RORgammat and commensal microflora are required for the differentiation of mucosal interleukin 22-producing NKp46+ cells. Nat Immunol 10(1):83–91
Takatori H et al (2009) Lymphoid tissue inducer-like cells are an innate source of IL-17 and IL-22. J Exp Med 206(1):35–41
Brand S et al (2007) IL-22-mediated liver cell regeneration is abrogated by SOCS-1/3 overexpression in vitro. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 292(4):G1019–G1028
Sabat R, Ouyang W, Wolk K (2014) Therapeutic opportunities of the IL-22-IL-22R1 system. Nat Rev Drug Discov 13(1):21–38
Yu H, Pardoll D, Jove R (2009) STATs in cancer inflammation and immunity: a leading role for STAT3. Nat Rev Cancer 9(11):798–809
Jiang R et al (2011) Interleukin-22 promotes human hepatocellular carcinoma by activation of STAT3. Hepatology 54(3):900–909
Jiang R et al (2013) IL-22 is related to development of human colon cancer by activation of STAT3. BMC Cancer 13:59
Curd LM, Favors SE, Gregg RK (2012) Pro-tumour activity of interleukin-22 in HPAFII human pancreatic cancer cells. Clin Exp Immunol 168(2):192–199
Nardinocchi L et al (2015) Interleukin-17 and interleukin-22 promote tumor progression in human nonmelanoma skin cancer. Eur J Immunol 45(3):922–931
Dudakov JA et al (2012) Interleukin-22 drives endogenous thymic regeneration in mice. Science 336(6077):91–95
Ouyang W, O’Garra A (2019) IL-10 family cytokines IL-10 and IL-22: from basic science to clinical translation. Immunity 50(4):871–891
Molina MF et al (2019) Type 3 cytokines in liver fibrosis and liver cancer. Cytokine 124:154497
Park O et al (2011) In vivo consequences of liver-specific interleukin-22 expression in mice: implications for human liver disease progression. Hepatology 54(1):252–261
Zhao D et al (2015) Metformin decreases IL-22 secretion to suppress tumor growth in an orthotopic mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Cancer 136(11):2556–2565
Hwang S et al (2019) Interleukin-22 ameliorates neutrophil-driven nonalcoholic steatohepatitis through multiple targets. Hepatology 72(2):412–429
Rolla S et al (2016) The balance between IL-17 and IL-22 produced by liver-infiltrating T-helper cells critically controls NASH development in mice. Clin Sci (Lond) 130(3):193–203
Fukui H et al (2011) DMBT1 is a novel gene induced by IL-22 in ulcerative colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 17(5):1177–1188
Kryczek I et al (2014) IL-22(+)CD4(+) T cells promote colorectal cancer stemness via STAT3 transcription factor activation and induction of the methyltransferase DOT1L. Immunity 40(5):772–784
Liu Y et al (2017) Interleukin-22 promotes aerobic glycolysis associated with tumor progression via targeting hexokinase-2 in human colon cancer cells. Oncotarget 8(15):25372–25383
Gronke K et al (2019) Interleukin-22 protects intestinal stem cells against genotoxic stress. Nature 566(7743):249–253
Wang C et al (2017) Interleukin-22 drives nitric oxide-dependent DNA damage and dysplasia in a murine model of colitis-associated cancer. Mucosal Immunol 10(6):1504–1517
Lin Y et al (2017) Lactobacillus delivery of bioactive interleukin-22. Microb Cell Factories 16(1):148
Xuan X et al (2018) Diverse effects of interleukin-22 on pancreatic diseases. Pancreatology 18(3):231–237
Xuan X et al (2020) ILC3 cells promote the proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells through IL-22/AKT signaling. Clin Transl Oncol 22(4):563–575
Dixon BR et al (2016) IL-17a and IL-22 induce expression of antimicrobials in gastrointestinal epithelial cells and may contribute to epithelial cell defense against helicobacter pylori. PLoS One 11(2):e0148514
Zhuang Y et al (2012) Increased intratumoral IL-22-producing CD4(+) T cells and Th22 cells correlate with gastric cancer progression and predict poor patient survival. Cancer Immunol Immunother 61(11):1965–1975
Fukui H et al (2014) IL-22 produced by cancer-associated fibroblasts promotes gastric cancer cell invasion via STAT3 and ERK signaling. Br J Cancer 111(4):763–771
Chen X et al (2018) Accumulation of T-helper 22 cells, interleukin-22 and myeloid-derived suppressor cells promotes gastric cancer progression in elderly patients. Oncol Lett 16(1):253–261
Kobold S et al (2013) Interleukin-22 is frequently expressed in small- and large-cell lung cancer and promotes growth in chemotherapy-resistant cancer cells. J Thorac Oncol 8(8):1032–1042
Zhang W et al (2008) Antiapoptotic activity of autocrine interleukin-22 and therapeutic effects of interleukin-22-small interfering RNA on human lung cancer xenografts. Clin Cancer Res 14(20):6432–6439
Bi Y et al (2016) Interleukin-22 promotes lung cancer cell proliferation and migration via the IL-22R1/STAT3 and IL-22R1/AKT signaling pathways. Mol Cell Biochem 415(1-2):1–11
Naumnik W et al (2016) Clinical implications of hepatocyte growth factor, interleukin-20, and interleukin-22 in serum and bronchoalveolar fluid of patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Adv Exp Med Biol 952:41–49
Voigt C et al (2017) Cancer cells induce interleukin-22 production from memory CD4(+) T cells via interleukin-1 to promote tumor growth. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 114(49):12994–12999
Li H et al (2019) Interleukin-22 secreted by cancer-associated fibroblasts regulates the proliferation and metastasis of lung cancer cells via the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway. Am J Transl Res 11(7):4077–4088
Katara GK et al (2020) Interleukin-22 promotes development of malignant lesions in a mouse model of spontaneous breast cancer. Mol Oncol 14(1):211–224
Wang S et al (2018) Interleukin-22 promotes triple negative breast cancer cells migration and paclitaxel resistance through JAK-STAT3/MAPKs/AKT signaling pathways. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 503(3):1605–1609
Rui J et al (2017) IL-22 promotes the progression of breast cancer through regulating HOXB-AS5. Oncotarget 8(61):103601–103612
Weber GF et al (2006) IL-22-mediated tumor growth reduction correlates with inhibition of ERK1/2 and AKT phosphorylation and induction of cell cycle arrest in the G2-M phase. J Immunol 177(11):8266–8272
Kim K et al (2014) Interleukin-22 promotes epithelial cell transformation and breast tumorigenesis via MAP 3K8 activation. Carcinogenesis 35(6):1352–1361
Bard JD et al (2008) Aberrant expression of IL-22 receptor 1 and autocrine IL-22 stimulation contribute to tumorigenicity in ALK+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Leukemia 22(8):1595–1603
Prutsch N et al (2019) Dependency on the TYK2/STAT1/MCL1 axis in anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Leukemia 33(3):696–709
Kouzegaran S et al (2018) Elevated IL-17A and IL-22 regulate expression of inducible CD38 and Zap-70 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cytometry B Clin Cytom 94(1):143–147
Chen P et al (2015) The alteration and clinical significance of Th22/Th17/Th1 cells in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. J Immunol Res 2015:416123
Tian T et al (2013) Increased Th22 cells as well as Th17 cells in patients with adult T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Clin Chim Acta 426:108–113
Yu S et al (2014) Elevated Th22 cells correlated with Th17 cells in peripheral blood of patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 15(2):1927–1945
Tian T et al (2015) The profile of T helper subsets in bone marrow microenvironment is distinct for different stages of acute myeloid leukemia patients and chemotherapy partly ameliorates these variations. PLoS One 10(7):e0131761
Jin M, Yoon J (2018) From bench to clinic: the potential of therapeutic targeting of the IL-22 signaling pathway in atopic dermatitis. Immune Netw 18(6):e42
Kragstrup TW et al (2018) The IL-20 cytokine family in rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis. Front Immunol 9:2226
Huber S et al (2012) IL-22BP is regulated by the inflammasome and modulates tumorigenesis in the intestine. Nature 491(7423):259–263
Fagard R et al (2013) STAT3 inhibitors for cancer therapy: have all roads been explored? JAKSTAT 2(1):e22882
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Jiang, R., Sun, B. (2021). IL-22 Signaling in the Tumor Microenvironment. In: Birbrair, A. (eds) Tumor Microenvironment . Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1290. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55617-4_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55617-4_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-55616-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-55617-4
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)