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Environmental Standards and Trade

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The Economics and Policies of Environmental Standards

Part of the book series: SpringerBriefs in Economics ((BRIEFSECONOMICS))

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Abstract

In many cases environmental standards apply to commodities that are destined for export markets (for the sake of environmental protection, minimizing health risks and enhancing consumer protection, see De Schutter in Trade in the service of sustainable development: linking trade to labour rights and environmental standards, Hart Publishing, Oxford, 2015; Wilson et al. in Dirty exports and environmental regulation: do standards matter to trade? World Bank, Washington, DC, 2002); given that not all exporters find it possible to comply with them (for reasons related to costs, access to technologies, information, know-how etc.), these standards in effect can become what is commonly referred to as ‘non-tariff or non-market barriers to trade’. As discussed earlier in Chap. 5, it is often certain groups (e.g. poorer and small-scale exporters, women, members of indigenous communities etc.) that struggle switching to new (compliant) production modes.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    A full list of full members and observer countries can be found at: www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/countries_e/org6_map_e.htm.

  2. 2.

    See: https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/envir_e/edis00_e.htm#:~:text=Under%20the%20GATT%20(1948%E2%80%9394,(i.e.%20XX)%20were%20completed.&text=In%201995%2C%20the%20WTO's%20dispute%20settlement%20procedure%20took%20over%20from%20GATT.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. International Institute of Social Studies (ISS), Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Hague, The Netherlands

    Elissaios Papyrakis

  2. Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Greenwich, London, UK

    Luca Tasciotti

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  1. Elissaios Papyrakis
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  2. Luca Tasciotti
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Correspondence to Elissaios Papyrakis .

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Papyrakis, E., Tasciotti, L. (2021). Environmental Standards and Trade. In: The Economics and Policies of Environmental Standards. SpringerBriefs in Economics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71858-9_6

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