Abstract
This chapter summarizes the current state of knowledge on the impacts of air pollution on terrestrial vegetation in general and in the Mediterranean region. These impacts occur either indirectly through changes in the physical state of the atmosphere, such as increase in the temperature (caused by greenhouse gases), and in the diffuse radiation (caused by aerosols) that reaches vegetation, or directly through phytotoxicity resulting from ozone, sulfur, nitrogen, and other pollutants’ stomatal and non-stomatal uptake by the plants, nutrient balance modification by atmospheric deposition, transfer of plant diseases by aerosols, and pollution by persistent pollutants and metals. Abiotic and biotic stresses can also alter the composition, amounts, and functioning of volatile organic compounds that are emitted by the plants and play known ecological roles. These impacts are summarized, and plant physiological responses to an excess of critical nutrient levels are presented and discussed.
Chapter reviewed by Panayiotis Nektarios (School of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Agriculture, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Heraklion, Greece), as part of the book Section X Impacts of Air Pollution on Human Health and Ecosystems also reviewed by Semia Cherif (ISSBAT, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia)
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Acknowledgments
We acknowledge support of this work by the project “PANhellenic infrastructure for Atmospheric Composition and climatE change” (MIS 5021516), which is implemented under the action “Reinforcement of the Research and Innovation Infrastructure” funded by the operational program “Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation” (NSRF 2014–2020) and cofinanced by Greece and the European Union (European Regional Development Fund). We also thank the reviewers for detailed comments that helped improve this chapter significantly.
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Kanakidou, M., Sfakianaki, M., Probst, A. (2022). Impact of Air Pollution on Terrestrial Ecosystems. In: Dulac, F., Sauvage, S., Hamonou, E. (eds) Atmospheric Chemistry in the Mediterranean Region. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82385-6_24
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