Abstract
Coral reefs are critically important to the economic development of most tropical countries. However, they have faced multi-stressors from natural and anthropogenic disturbances, particularly from coastal development, tourism, overfishing, and coral bleaching. Consequently, the loss of vulnerable species from coral communities is occurring at an accelerating rate. Many coral species are particularly at risk. Coral reef recovery following severe disturbances depends on several complicated factors, including resistance and tolerance to stresses, recruitment rate, reef connectivity, and local stressors. Maintaining reef framework is also very important, particularly bioerosion rate at a degraded reef. As global climate change potentially causes more frequent and severe coral bleaching events, identifying and conserving coral reef refugia is critically important. Most coral reefs are in a type of marine protected areas that intensively require scientific data for management. The achievements of passive and active coral reef restoration projects in the Western Pacific are necessarily considered for the improvement of coral reef management plans. In this chapter, we synthesize important information on coral reef biodiversity decline and extinction risk; coral reef recovery after disturbances; coral reef resilience; coral reef connectivity; coral reef bioerosion; coral reef refugia under global change; marine protected area networks; and passive and active restoration of degraded coral reefs.
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Sutthacheep, M., Yeemin, T., Aliño, P.M. (2022). Reef Ecology in the Western Pacific for Adaptation to Global Change. In: Zhang, J., Yeemin, T., Morrison, R.J., Hong, G.H. (eds) Coral Reefs of the Western Pacific Ocean in a Changing Anthropocene. Coral Reefs of the World, vol 14. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97189-2_4
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