Abstract
The rise and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and drug-resistant nosocomial infections have become a significant global threat for human health and well-being. Injudicious and persistent antibiotic usages have resulted in the creation of drug-resistant microorganisms. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) ESKAPE pathogens consisting of Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp. have been reported to raise the mortality and the expense of long-term therapy, significantly. With the drying pipeline of novel-efficient drugs declining, urgent need for novel therapies is required. Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing field of research with tremendous applications in medicine owing to their tiny size and extensive surface area. Recent reports on nanoformulations against MDR ESKAPE pathogens have revealed their enhanced therapeutic efficiency, bioavailability, target specificity, and antimicrobial activity confirming their potential role in nanoformulation strategies to combat ESKAPE pathogens. In this chapter, we discuss about the evolution of the resistance mechanisms in ESKAPE pathogens and how these pathogens are posing a serious threat for human health and environment. The chapter further discusses on the potential exploration of nanoformulations as emerging combating tool against ESKAPE with their drug delivery applications to these drug resistance determinants. Finally, we discuss about the various challenges faced for implementing ESKAPE nanoformulations in clinical settings.
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Acknowledgments
VK acknowledges the use of facilities created under DST-FIST (SR/ FST/COLLEGE-/19/568), DBT Star Status (BT/HRD/11/030/ 2012) and DBT-BUILDER Schemes implemented at Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India.
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Kaur, K. et al. (2022). Nanoformulations Against Multidrug-Resistant Members of ESKAPE Pathogens. In: Kumar, V., Shriram, V., Shukla, R., Gosavi, S. (eds) Nano-Strategies for Addressing Antimicrobial Resistance. Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10220-2_12
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