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Synthetic Nanoparticle-Based Remediation of Soils Contaminated with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

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Handbook of Green and Sustainable Nanotechnology

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Abstract

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are recognized as potent mutagens or carcinogens and are listed as priority pollutants by the European Commission (EC) and United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). PAHs enter in soil accidentally or through the intended combustion of various kinds of fuels. Invariably after their release a large amount of the PAHs persist in the roadside and agricultural soils. They reach the soil mainly as atmospheric fallout after their release into the environment. The vehicular exhausts, domestic burning, and cigarette smoke also contribute toward their entry into the open environment. Waste generated from the petroleum and coke manufacturing industries further adds to the pollution load onto the environment. The presence and the persistence of PAHs in the soil affect the innocent biota and cause unprecedented damage to the ecology of the area. The deleterious effects to a large extent will depend upon the decay rate and the toxicity of the PAHs and their metabolites. The application of nanoparticles to remediate soils contaminated with PAHs has been widely studied in the last decade. The present study will provide a comprehensive overview of various kinds of nanoparticles such as polymer-based and carbon-based material, metal oxides, and nanoscale zero-valent iron utilized for the degradation of PAHs in soils. In order to keep a proper track of the environmental impact of the release of these compounds, the present study on their decay profiles in the soil ecosystem under varying environmental conditions is highly significant.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, IFTM University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Himanshu Gupta

  2. Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India

    Soniya Dhiman

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  1. Himanshu Gupta
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  2. Soniya Dhiman
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Correspondence to Himanshu Gupta .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, Punjab, India

    Uma Shanker

  2. Chemistry and EVSC, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA

    Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain

  3. Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

    Manviri Rani

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Gupta, H., Dhiman, S. (2023). Synthetic Nanoparticle-Based Remediation of Soils Contaminated with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. In: Shanker, U., Hussain, C.M., Rani, M. (eds) Handbook of Green and Sustainable Nanotechnology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16101-8_102

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