Skip to main content

European Tourist Cities in Connotative Google Space

  • Chapter
Analysing International City Tourism
  • 889 Accesses

Abstract

The purpose of this Chapter is twofold. On conceptual level it makes the reader critically aware of the many-faceted definitions and interpretations of ‚destination image‘. Being a city manager or a student of tourism and leisure does not matter. Every reader is advised to carefully choose when commissioning or conducting an empirical study on destination imges. Sometimes theoretical concepts are being broadened in scope up to a degree where they threaten to become meaningless buzzwords. On technical level the Chapter provides tools for exploiting the Web content offered in the roughly 2 billion pages of the domain characterised by one or more of the search items tourism, tourist, travel, or trip.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Aaker, J. L. 1997. Dimensions of Brand Personality, Journal of Marketing Research, 34(3), 347–356.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • BAT-Stiftung für Zukunftsfragen (2008). „Hier lässt es sich leben!“, Deutsche Städte aus der Sicht der Bevölkerung, Forschung aktuell, Newsletter 206, Vol. 29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berglund, E. and Sitte, J. 2006. The Parameterless Self-Organizing Map Algorithm, IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, 17(2): 305–316.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bigné Alcaniz, E., Sanchez Garcia, I., and Sanz Blas, S. 2008. The Functional-Psychological Continuum in the Cognitive Image of a Destination: A Confirmatory Analysis, forthcoming in Tourism Management, available online via doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2008.10.020.

    Google Scholar 

  • Borg, I., Groenen, P. 1997. Modern Multidimensional Scaling, Theory and Applications, Springer, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chase, W. O. 2001. System for Connotative Analysis of Discourse, US Patent Issued on December 18, 2001, http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6332143.html (site accessed 9 August, 2008).

    Google Scholar 

  • Choi, S., Lehto, X. Y., Morrison, A. M. 2006. Destination Image Representation on the Web: Content Analysis of Macau Travel Related Websites, Tourism Management, 28(1), 118–129.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cilibrasi, R. L., Vitányi, P. M. B. 2007. The Google Similarity Distance, IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 19(3), 370–383.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Govers, R., Go, F. M., Kumar, K. 2007a. Promoting Tourism Destination Image, Journal of Travel Research, 46(1), 15–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Govers, R., Go, F. M., Kumar, K. 2007b. Virtual Destination Image, A New Measurement Approach, Annals of Tourism Research, 34(4), 977–997.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Han, H., Back K.-J. 2007. Assessing Customers’ Emotional Experiences Influencing Their Satisfaction in the Lodging Industry, Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 23(1), 43–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murphy, L., Benckendorff, P., and Moscardo, G. 2007. Linking Travel Motivation, Tourist Self-Image and Destination Brand Personality, Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 22(2), 45–59.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Osgood, Ch.E., Suci, G. J., Tannenbaum, P. H. 1957. The Measurement of Meaning, University of Illinois Press, Chicago.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peay, E. R. 1975. Nonmetric Grouping: Clusters and Cliques, Psychometrika, 40, 297–313.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peirce, S. and Ritchie, Brent W. 2007. National Capital Branding: A Comparative Case Study of Canberra, Australia and Wellington, New Zealand, Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 22(3+4): 67–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ryan, Ch., Cave, J. 2005. Structuring Destination Image: A Qualitative Approach, Journal of Travel Research, 44(2), 143–150.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sammon, J. W. jr. 1969. A Nonlinear Mapping for Data Structure Analysis. IEEE Transactions on Computers C-18: 401–409.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sirgy, M. J., Grewal, D., Mangleburg, T. F., Park, J., Chon, K.-S., Claiborne, C. B., Johar, J. S., Berkman, H. 1997. Assessing the Predictive Validity of Two Methods of Measuring Self-Image Congruence, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 25(3), 229–241.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sirgy, M. J., Su, Ch. 2000. Destination Image, Self-Congruity, and Travel Behavior: Toward an Integrative Model, Journal of Travel Research, 38(4), 340–352.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tasci, A. D. A., Gartner, W. C. 2007. Destination Image and Its Functional Relationships, Journal of Travel Research, 45(4), 413–425.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tasci, A. D. A., Gartner, W. C., Cavusgli, S. T. 2007. Conceptualization and Operationalization of Destination Image, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, 31(2), 294–223.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Voges, K. E. 2006. Rough Clustering of Destination Image Data Using an Evolutionary Algorithm, Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 21(4), 121–137.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2010 Springer-Verlag/Wien

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Mazanec, J.A. (2010). European Tourist Cities in Connotative Google Space. In: Mazanec, J.A., Wöber, K.W. (eds) Analysing International City Tourism. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-09416-7_11

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-09416-7_11

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-211-09415-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-211-09416-7

Publish with us

Policies and ethics