Skip to main content

Enabling Low Electromagnetic Exposure Multimedia Sessions on an LTE Network with an IP Multimedia Subsystem Control Plane

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Mobile Networks and Management (MONAMI 2014)

Abstract

Most existing work on electromagnetic exposure reduction has focused on developing physical layer techniques and solutions to lower the power received and emitted by the user terminals. In this paper, we propose a novel cross-layer approach for reducing the electromagnetic exposure in LTE network by combining techniques belonging to the link and transport layers, while ensuring an acceptable Quality of Experience of a video application. We propose to categorize the RLC frames into critical and non-critical ones and to decrease the number of retransmissions for non-critical ones. In turn, this will reduce the radiated power, i.e. exposure. We also propose an enhanced 3GPP compliant architecture for accommodating our reduced exposure approach.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation: Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic, and electromagnetic fields (up to 300 GHz. Healt Phys. 74(4), 494–522 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Wiedemann, P.M., Boerner, F., Dnrrenberger, G., Estenberg, J., Kandel, S., van Rongen, E., Vogel, E.: Supporting non-experts in judging the credibility of risk assessments (cora). Sci. Total Environ. 463464, 624–630 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Low Electromagnetic Field Exposure Networks (LEXNET) project. http://www.lexnet-project.eu

  4. Conil, E., et al.: LEXNET deliverable D2.4: global wireless exposure metric definition. Technical report (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Derakhshan, F., Jugl, E., Mitschele-Thiel, A.: Reduction of radio emission in low frequency wcdma. In: Proceedings of Fifth IEE International Conference on 3G Mobile Communication Technologies (3G 2004), October 2004

    Google Scholar 

  6. Kelif, J.M., Coupechoux, M., Marache, F.: Limiting power transmission of green cellular networks: impact on coverage and capacity. In: 2010 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), pp. 1–6, May 2010

    Google Scholar 

  7. Sidi, H.B.A., Altman, Z., Tall, A.: Self-optimizing mechanisms for emf reduction in heterogeneous networks. CoRR abs/1401.3541 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Ragha, L.K., Bhatia, M.S.: Evaluation of SAR reduction for mobile phone using RF shield. Int. J. Comput. Appl. 1(13), 80–85 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Camarillo, G., Garcia-Martin, M.A.: The 3G IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS): Merging the Internet and the Cellular Worlds, 3rd edn. Wiley, Hoboken (2008)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  10. Rosenberg, J., Schulzrinne, H., Camarillo, G., Johnston, A., Peterson, J., Sparks, R., Handley, M., Schooler, E.: SIP: Session Initiation Protocol. RFC 3261 (Proposed Standard), June 2002

    Google Scholar 

  11. 3rd Generation Partnership Project: Technical specification group services and system aspects: 3GPP TS 23.237: IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) service continuity (Release 12). Technical report (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  12. 3rd Generation Partnership Project: Technical specification group radio access network: 3GPP TS 25.322: radio link control (RLC) protocol specification (Release 11). Technical report (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  13. ITU-T: Recommendation P.10/G.100: vocabulary for performance and quality of service. Technical report (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  14. 3rd Generation Partnership Project: Technical specification group radio access network; evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA): 3GPP TS 36.323: packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) specification (Release 11). Technical report (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  15. ADAptative Management of mediA distributioN based on saTisfaction orIented User Modelling (ADAMANTIUM) project. http://www.ict-adamantium.eu

  16. Khan, A., Sun, L., Ifeachor, E., Fajardo, J-O., Liberal, F., Koumaras, H.: Video quality prediction models based on video content dynamics for H.264 video over UMTS networks. Int. J. Digit. Multimedia Broadcast. 2010, Article ID 608138, 17 pp. (2010). doi:10.1155/2010/608138

  17. 3rd Generation Partnership Project: Technical specification group core network and terminals: 3GPP TS 24.312: access network discovery and selection function (ANDSF) management object (MO) (Release 12). Technical report (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  18. 3rd Generation Partnership Project: Technical specification group radio access network; evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) and evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN): 3GPP TS 36.300: overall description (Release 12). Technical report (2013)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This paper reports a work undertaken in the context of the LEXNET project, which is a project supported by the European Commission in the 7th Framework Program (GA nº318273). Ramón Agüero would also like to thank the Spanish Government for its support through the project “Connectivity as a Service: Access for the Internet of the Future”, COSAIF (TEC2012-38574-C02-01).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Joël Penhoat .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering

About this paper

Cite this paper

Penhoat, J., Agüero, R., Heliot, F., Tesanovic, M. (2015). Enabling Low Electromagnetic Exposure Multimedia Sessions on an LTE Network with an IP Multimedia Subsystem Control Plane. In: Agüero, R., Zinner, T., Goleva, R., Timm-Giel, A., Tran-Gia, P. (eds) Mobile Networks and Management. MONAMI 2014. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, vol 141. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16292-8_15

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16292-8_15

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-16291-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-16292-8

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics