Skip to main content

Optimizing Long-Running Action Histories in the Situation Calculus Through Search

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
PRIMA 2015: Principles and Practice of Multi-Agent Systems (PRIMA 2015)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 9387))

  • 1505 Accesses

Abstract

Agents are frequently required to perform numerous, complicated interactions with the environment around them, necessitating complex internal representations that are difficult to reason with. We investigate a new direction for optimizing reasoning about long action sequences. The motivation is that a reasoning system can keep a window of executed actions and simplify them before handling them in the normal way, e.g., by updating the internal knowledge base. Our contributions are: (i) we extend previous work to include sensing and non-deterministic actions; (ii) we introduce a framework for performing heuristic search over the space of action sequence manipulations, which allows a form of disjunctive information; finally, (iii) we provide an offline precomputation strategy. Our approach facilitates determining equivalent sequences that are easier to reason with via a new form of search. We demonstrate the potential of this approach over two common domains.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Bacchus, F., Halpern, J.Y., Levesque, H.J.: Reasoning about noisy sensors (and effectors) in the situation calculus. In: Dorst, L., Voorbraak, F., van Lambalgen, M. (eds.) RUR 1995. LNCS, vol. 1093. Springer, Heidelberg (1996)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  2. Chrpa, L., McCluskey, T.L., Osborne, H.: Determining redundant actions in sequential plans. In: ICTAI, pp. 484–491 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  3. De Giacomo, G., Levesque, H.: An incremental interpreter for high-level programs with sensing. In: Levesque, H., Pirri, F. (eds.) Logical Foundations for Cognitive Agents. Artificial Intelligence, pp. 86–102. Springer, Heidelberg (1999)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  4. Ewin, C., Pearce, A.R., Vassos, S.: Transforming situation calculus action theories for optimised reasoning. In: Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, pp. 448–457 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Helmert, M.: Domains - ipc-2008, deterministic part (2010). http://ipc.informatik.uni-freiburg.de/Domains (accessed February 13, 2015)

  6. Kowalski, R., Sergot, M.: A logic-based calculus of events. New Gen. Comput. 4(1), 67–95 (1986)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  7. Lin, F., Reiter, R.: How to progress a database. Artificial Intelligence 92(1–2), 131–167 (1997)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. Liu, Y., Levesque, H.J.: Tractable reasoning with incomplete first-order knowledge in dynamic systems with context-dependent actions. In: Proceedings of the 19th International Joint Conference on Artificial intelligence, IJCAI 2005, pp. 522–527 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Löwe, B., Pacuit, E., Witzel, A.: DEL planning and some tractable cases. In: van Ditmarsch, H., Lang, J., Ju, S. (eds.) LORI 2011. LNCS, vol. 6953, pp. 179–192. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  10. McCarthy, J., Hayes, P.J.: Some philosophical problems from the standpoint of artificial intelligence. Machine Intelligence 4, 463–502 (1969)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. Reiter, R.: Knowledge in Action: Logical Foundations for Specifying and Implementing Dynamical Systems. MIT Press (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Russell, S., Norving, P.: Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, second edn. Prentice Hall (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Sardina, S., Vassos, S.: The wumpus world in indigolog: a preliminary report. In: Proceedings the Nonmonotonic Reasoning, Action and Change Workshop at IJCAI (NRAC 2005), pp. 90–95 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Scherl, R., Levesque, H.J.: Knowledge, action, and the frame problem. Artificial Intelligence 144(1–2), 1–39 (2003)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  15. Shanahan, M.: The event calculus explained. In: Veloso, M.M., Wooldridge, M.J. (eds.) Artificial Intelligence Today. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 1600, pp. 409–430. Springer, Heidelberg (1999)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  16. Thielscher, M.: From situation calculus to fluent calculus: State update axioms as a solution to the inferential frame problem. Artificial Intelligence 111(1–2), 277–299 (1999)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  17. Thielscher, M.: FLUX: A logic programming method for reasoning agents. Theory and Practice of Logic Programing 5(4–5), 533–565 (2004)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  18. Wikipedia: Sokoban - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (2015). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sokoban (accessed February 13, 2015)

  19. Yu, Q., Wen, X., Liu, Y.: Multi-agent epistemic explanatory diagnosis via reasoning about actions. In: Proceedings of the Twenty-Third International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI 2013, pp. 1183–1190. AAAI Press (2013)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Christopher Ewin .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this paper

Cite this paper

Ewin, C., Pearce, A.R., Vassos, S. (2015). Optimizing Long-Running Action Histories in the Situation Calculus Through Search. In: Chen, Q., Torroni, P., Villata, S., Hsu, J., Omicini, A. (eds) PRIMA 2015: Principles and Practice of Multi-Agent Systems. PRIMA 2015. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9387. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25524-8_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25524-8_6

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-25523-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-25524-8

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics