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REWAS 2013 pp 332–340Cite as

Resource Efficient Metal and Material Recycling

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Abstract

Metals enable sustainability through their use and their recyclability. However, various factors can affect the Resource Efficiency of Metal Processing and Recycling. Some typical factors that enable Resource Efficiency include and arranged under the drivers of sustainability: Environment (Maximize Resource Efficiency — Energy, Recyclates, Materials, Water, Sludges, Emissions, Land); Economic Feasibility (BAT & Recycling Systems Simulation / Digitalization, Product vis-à-vis Material Centric Recycling); and Social — Licence to Operate (Legislation, consumer, policy, theft, manual labour.). In order to realize this primary production has to be linked systemically with typical actors in the recycling chain such as Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs), Recyclers & Collection, Physical separation specialists as well as process metallurgical operations that produce high value metals, compounds and products that recycle back to products. This is best done with deep knowledge of multi-physics, technology, product & system design, process control, market, life cycle management, policy, to name a few. The combination of these will be discussed as Design for Sustainability (DfS) and Design for Recycling (DfR) applications.

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References

  1. UNEP, 2013. Metal Recycling — Opportunities, Limits, Infrastructure. Reuter, M., Hudson, C., Hagelüken, C., Heiskanen, K., Meskers, C., Van Schaik, A., et al. In preparation.

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  2. Van Schaik, A., Reuter, M.A., 2012. Shredding, sorting and recovery of metals from WEEE: linking design to resource efficiency, In: Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) handbook (Edited by V Goodship, University of Warwick, UK and A Stevels, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands), 163–211.

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  3. Reuter, M.A., Van Schaik, A., 2012. Opportunities and Limits of WEEE Recycling — Recommendations to Product Design from a Recyclers Perspective. In: Proceedings of Electronics Goes Green 2012+, 9–12 September 2012, Berlin, Germany, 10p.

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  4. Reuter, M.A., Heiskanen, K, Boin, U., Van Schaik, A., Verhoef, E., Yang, Y., 2005. The Metrics of Material and Metal Ecology, Harmonizing the resource, technology and environmental cycles Elsevier BV, Amsterdam, 706p. (ISBN: 13 978–0-444–51137-9).

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  5. Reuter, M.A., Van Schaik, A., 2012. Opportunities and limits of recycling: A dynamic-model-based analysis, MRS BULLETIN, Vol. 37(4), 339–347.

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  6. Van Schaik, A., Reuter, M.A., 2010. Dynamic modelling of E-waste recycling system performance based on product design. Minerals Engineering, 23, 192–210.

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  7. Recyclable Printed Circuit Boards. National Physical Laboratory (NPL), UK. 2012. http://www.npl.co.uk/news/recyclable-printed-circuit-boards (25 October 2012).

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Outotec Oyj, Riihitontuntie 7 D, Espoo, Finland

    Markus A. Reuter

  2. MARAS, The Hague, The Netherlands

    Antoinette van Schaik

Authors
  1. Markus A. Reuter
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  2. Antoinette van Schaik
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. SINTEF, Trondheim, Norway

    Anne Kvithyld (a senior research scientist) (a senior research scientist)

  2. Umicore Precious Metals Refining, Hoboken, Belgium

    Christina Meskers (leads the business development and marketing team) (leads the business development and marketing team)

  3. Energy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, USA

    Gregory Krumdick (principal systems engineer) (principal systems engineer)

  4. Kroll Institute for Extractive Metallurgy in Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, USA

    Brajendra Mishra (professor and the Assoc. Director) (professor and the Assoc. Director)

  5. Outotec Finland, Finland

    Markus Reuter (Director of Technology Management, Adjunct Professor, Professorial Fellow, Guest Professor, a professor) (Director of Technology Management, Adjunct Professor, Professorial Fellow, Guest Professor, a professor)

  6. Aalto University, Finland

    Markus Reuter (Director of Technology Management, Adjunct Professor, Professorial Fellow, Guest Professor, a professor) (Director of Technology Management, Adjunct Professor, Professorial Fellow, Guest Professor, a professor)

  7. University of Melbourne, Australia

    Markus Reuter (Director of Technology Management, Adjunct Professor, Professorial Fellow, Guest Professor, a professor) (Director of Technology Management, Adjunct Professor, Professorial Fellow, Guest Professor, a professor)

  8. Central South University Changsha, China

    Markus Reuter (Director of Technology Management, Adjunct Professor, Professorial Fellow, Guest Professor, a professor) (Director of Technology Management, Adjunct Professor, Professorial Fellow, Guest Professor, a professor)

  9. TU Delft, Netherlands

    Markus Reuter (Director of Technology Management, Adjunct Professor, Professorial Fellow, Guest Professor, a professor) (Director of Technology Management, Adjunct Professor, Professorial Fellow, Guest Professor, a professor)

  10. University of Stellenbosch, South Africa

    Markus Reuter (Director of Technology Management, Adjunct Professor, Professorial Fellow, Guest Professor, a professor) (Director of Technology Management, Adjunct Professor, Professorial Fellow, Guest Professor, a professor)

  11. Saint-Gobain Innovative Materials R&D, Belgium

    Cong Wang (Senior Research Engineer) (Senior Research Engineer)

  12. Missouri University of Science and Technology, USA

    Mark Schlesinger (Professor of Metallurgical Engineering) (Professor of Metallurgical Engineering)

  13. Golisano Institute for Sustainability, USA

    Gabrielle Gaustad Ph.D. (Assistant Professor) (Assistant Professor)

  14. Rochester Institute of Technology, USA

    Gabrielle Gaustad Ph.D. (Assistant Professor) (Assistant Professor)

  15. Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI), USA

    Diana Lados (Associate Professor, Founding Director) (Associate Professor, Founding Director)

  16. Integrative Materials Design Center (iMdc), USA

    Diana Lados (Associate Professor, Founding Director) (Associate Professor, Founding Director)

  17. Argonne National Laboratory, USA

    Jeffrey Spangenberger (Engineering Specialist, Senior) (Engineering Specialist, Senior)

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© 2013 TMS (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society)

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Reuter, M.A., van Schaik, A. (2013). Resource Efficient Metal and Material Recycling. In: Kvithyld, A., et al. REWAS 2013. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48763-2_35

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