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Lysophosphatidic Acid and Sphingosine-1-Phosphate in Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Lipidomics of Stem Cells

Part of the book series: Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine ((STEMCELL))

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Abstract

Lipids are the major components of biological membranes, playing a role in cell architecture and integrity but also in signaling. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) are signaling lipids known to exert pleiotropic effects in various cell types, including during development and disease. They have also been described as potent mediators of stem cell behavior. In this chapter, we review the current knowledge on these major signaling lipids by focusing on pluripotent stem cells. Their impact on pluripotency will be described.

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Abbreviations

ABC:

ATP-binding cassette

ATX:

Autotaxin

ENNP2:

Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase phosphodiesterase 2

ERK:

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase

HDAC:

Histone deacetylase

hESC:

Human embryonic stem cell

iPSC:

Induced pluripotent stem cell

JNK:

c-jun N-terminal kinase

LPA:

Lysphosphatidic acid

MAP:

Mitogen-activated protein

mESC:

Mouse embryonic stem cell

PDGF:

Platelet-derived growth factor

PI3K:

Phosphoinositide 3-kinase

PPAR:

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor

S1P:

Sphingosine-1-phosphate

SPhK:

Sphingosine kinase

TRAF2:

TNF receptor-associated factor 2

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by an Australian Postgraduate Award Scholarship (GL), an Australian Research Council (ARC) Future Fellowship (AP, FT140100047), the University of Melbourne and Operational Infrastructure Support from the Victorian Government.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia

    Grace E. Lidgerwood & Alice Pébay

  2. Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia

    Grace E. Lidgerwood & Alice Pébay

Authors
  1. Grace E. Lidgerwood
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  2. Alice Pébay
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Alice Pébay .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. The University of Melbourne & Centre for Eye Research Australia, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

    Alice Pébay

  2. The University of Melbourne & Centre for Eye Research Australia, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

    Raymond C.B. Wong

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Lidgerwood, G.E., Pébay, A. (2017). Lysophosphatidic Acid and Sphingosine-1-Phosphate in Pluripotent Stem Cells. In: Pébay, A., Wong, R. (eds) Lipidomics of Stem Cells. Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49343-5_1

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