Abstract
In this chapter, our purpose is to simply show that Bohmian mechanics is a powerful route to bring about new solutions to problems discussed by conventional quantum mechanical approaches, apart from allowing some striking correspondence between both frameworks. This goal is carried out by choosing some key quantum mechanical problems in the framework of Bohmian mechanics such as, for example, the so-called Ermakov–Bohm invariants, boundary conditions and uncertainty principle in tunneling, the quantum traversal time, Airy wave packets and Airy slits, the detection of inertial and gravitational masses with Airy wave packets, the geometric phase analyzing the Aharonov–Bohm effect and quantum vortices, the reformulation of the Gross–Pitaevskii equation within the hydrodynamical framework and, finally, the study of simple dissipative dynamics by using the well-known Caldirola-Kanai Hamiltonian. In this dissipative scenario, the motion of a free particle, the quantum interference of two wave packets and the dynamics in a linear potential as well as the corresponding of a damped harmonic oscillator (within the underdamped, critically damped and overdamped regimes) are finally analyzed for ulterior references.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Bernstein, J.: More about Bohm’s quantum. Am. J. Phys. 79, 601–606 (2011)
Holland, P.R.: The Quantum Theory of Motion. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1993)
Goldstein, S.: Quantum theory without observers - Part I. Phys. Today, 51(3), 42–46 (1998); Part II. Phys. Today 51(4), 38–42 (1998)
Wyatt, R.E.: Quantum Dynamics with Trajectories: Introduction to Quantum Hydrodynamics. Springer, New York (2005)
Sanz, A.S., Miret-Artés, S.: A trajectory description of quantum processes. Part I. Fundamentals. Lect. Notes Phys. 850, 1–299 (2012)
Sanz, A.S., Miret-Artés, S.: A trajectory description of quantum processes. Part II. Applications. Lect. Notes Phys. 831, 1–333 (2014)
Nassar, A.B.: Time-dependent harmonic oscillator: An Ermakov-Nelson process. Phys. Rev. A 32, 1862–1863 (1985) (See references there in)
Lewis, H.R.: Classical and quantum systems with time-dependent harmonic-oscillator-type Hamiltonians. Phys. Rev. Lett. 18, 510–512 (1967)
Ray, J.R.: Quantum invariants. Phys. Rev. 28, 2603–2605 (1983)
Ermakov, V.P.: Second-order differential equations. Conditions of complete integrability, Univ. Izv. Kiev Ser. III 9 1–25 (1880)
Milne, W.E.: The numerical determination of characteristic numbers. Phys. Rev. 35, 863–867 (1930)
Pinney, E.: The nonlinear differential equation \(y^{\prime \prime }+p(x)y+c{{y}^{-3}}=0\). Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 1, 681–681 (1950)
Nassar, A.B.: New quantum squeezed states for the time-dependent harmonic oscillator. J. Opt. B: Quantum Semiclassical Opt. 3, S226–S228 (2002) (See references therein)
Davydov, A.S.: Quantum Mechanics, 2nd edn. Pergamon Press, Oxford (1965)
Merzbacher, E.: Quantum Mechanics, 2nd edn. Wiley, New York (1970)
Schiff, L.I.: Quantum Mechanics, 3rd edn. McGraw-Hill, New York (1970)
French, A.P., Taylor, E.F.: Quantum Mechanics. MIT Series. W. W. Norton, New York (1978)
Nassar, A.B.: Boundary conditions in tunneling via quantum hydrodynamics. NASA Conf. Publ. 3197, 149–154 (1993)
Nassar, A.B.: Quantum traversal time. Phys. Rev. A 38, 683–687 (1988)
Koonin, S.E.: Computational Physics. Benjamin/Cummings Publication, New York (1985) (See in part B, example 7)
Goldberg, A., Schey, H.M., Schwartz, J.L.: Computer-generated motion pictures of one-dimensional quantum-mechanical transmission and reflection phenomena. Am. J. Phys. 35, 177–186 (1967)
Huang, Z.H., Cutler, P.H., Feuchtwang, T.E., Good Jr., R.H., Kazes, E., Nguyen, H.Q., Park, S.K.: Computer simulation of a wave packet tunneling through a square barrier. IEEE 36, 2665–2670 (1989)
Hartman, T.E.: Tunneling of a wave packet. J. Appl. Phys. 33, 3427–3433 (1962)
Winful, H.G.: Delay time and the Hartman effect in quantum tunneling. Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 260401(1–4) (2003)
Nassar, A.B.: Scattering via invariants of quantum hydrodynamics. Phys. Lett. 146, 89–92 (1990)
Reid, J.R., Ray, J.R.: Ermakov systems, nonlinear superposition, and solutions of nonlinear equations of motion. J. Math. Phys. 21, 1583–1587 (1980)
Lutzky, M.: Noether’s theorem and the time-dependent harmonic oscillator. Phys. Lett. A 68, 3–4 (1978)
Büttiker, M.: Larmor precession and the traversal time for tunneling. Phys. Rev. 27, 6178–6188 (1983)
Nassar, A.B., Bassalo, J.M.F., Alencar, P.T.S., Cancela, L.S.G.: Wave propagator via quantum fluid dynamics. Phys. Rev. 56, 1230–1233 (1997)
Feynman, R.P., Hibbs, A.R.: Quantum Mechanics and Path Integrals. McGraw-Hill, New York (1965)
Berry, M.V., Balazs, N.L.: Nonspreading wave packets. Am. J. Phys. 47, 264–267 (1979)
Vallée, O., Soares, M.: Airy Function and Applications to Physics. World Scientific, Hackensack (2004)
Siviloglou,G.A., Broky, J., Dogariu, A., Christodoulides, D.N.: Observation of accelerating Airy beams. Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 213901(1–4) (2007) (See references therein)
Stützle, R., Gø:bel, M.C., Hø:rner, Th., Kierig, E., Mourachko, I., Oberthaler, M.K., Fedorov, M.V., Yakovlev, V.P., van Leeuwen, K.A.H., Schleich, W.P.: Observation of nonspreading wave packets in an imaginary potential. Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 110405(1–4) (2005)
Gutiérrez-Vega, J.C., Iturbe-Castillo, M.D., Chávez-Cerda, S.: Alternative formulation for invariant optical fields: Mathieu beams. Opt. Lett. 25, 1493–1495 (2000)
Bandres, M.A., Gutiérrez-Vega, J.C., Chavez-Cerda, S.: Parabolic nondiffracting optical wave fields. Opt. Lett. 29, 44–46 (2004)
Durnin, J.: Exact solutions for nondiffracting beams. I. The scalar theory. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 4, 651–654 (1987)
Durnin, J., Miceli, J.J., Eberly, J.H.: Diffraction-free beams. Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 1499–1501 (1987)
Durnin, J., Miceli, J.J., Eberly, J.H.: Comment on Bessel and Gaussian beams. Phys. Rev. Lett. 66, 838–838 (1991)
Besieris, I.M., Shaarawi, A.M.: Accelerating Airy wave packets in the presence of quadratic and cubic dispersion. Phys. Rev. E 78, 046605(1–6) (2008)
Besieris, I.M., Shaarawi, A.M., Ziolkowski, R.W.: Nondispersive accelerating wave packets. Am. J. Phys. 62, 519–521 (1994)
Unnikrishnan, K., Rau, A.R.P.: Uniqueness of the Airy packet in quantum mechanics. Am. J. Phys. 64, 1034–1036 (1996)
Greenberger, D.M.: Nonspreading wave packets. Am. J. Phys. 48, 256–256 (1980)
Nassar, A.B., Bassalo, J.F., Alencar, P.T.S.: Dispersive Airy packets. Am. J. Phys. 63, 849–852 (1995)
Ray, J.R.: Exact solutions to the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. Phys. Rev. A 26, 729–733 (1982)
Burgan, J.R., Feix, M.R., Fijalkow, E., Munier, A.: Solution of the multidimensional quantum harmonic oscillator with time-dependent frequencies through Fourier, Hermite and Wigner transforms. Phys. Lett. A 74, 11–14 (1979)
These space-time transformations used here are a generalization of those found in references [45, 46]. However, Equations (2.166) and (2.167) have clear physical meaning; they are essential in determining the trajectories of the Airy packet
Ruby, L.: Applications of the Mathieu equation. Am. J. Phys. 64, 39–44 (1996)
Nassar, A.B., Machado, F.L.A.: Solvable Hill and Pø:schl-Teller equations. Phys. Rev. A 35, 3159–3160 (1987)
Bessel, F.W.: Versuche ber die Kraft, mit welcher die Erde Krper von verschiedener Beschaffenheit anzieht. Ann. Phys. 101, 401–417 (1832)
Eötvös, R.V., Pekár, D., Fekete, E.: Beitrge zum Gesetze der Proportionalitt von Trgheit und Gravitt. Ann. Phys. 373, 11–66 (1922)
Roll, P.G., Krotkov, R., Dicke, R.H.: The equivalence of inertial and passive gravitational mass. Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 26, 442–517 (1964)
Kajari, E., Harshman, N.L., Rasel, E.M., Stenholm, S., Süssmann, G., Schleich, W.P.: Inertial and gravitational mass in quantum mechanics. Appl. Phys. B 100, 4360 (2010) (See references therein)
Colella, R., Overhauser, A.W., Werner, S.A.: Observation of gravitationally induced quantum interference. Phys. Rev. Lett. 34, 1472–1474 (1975)
Greenberger, D.M., Overhauser, A.W.: Coherence effects in neutron diffraction and gravity experiments. Rev. Mod. Phys. 51, 43–78 (1979)
Bonse, U., Wroblewski, T.: Measurement of neutron quantum interference in noninertial frames. Phys. Rev. Lett. 51, 1401–1404 (1983)
Peters, A., Chung, K.Y., Chu, S.: Measurement of gravitational acceleration by dropping atoms. Nature 400, 849–852 (1999)
Müller, H., Peters, A., Chu, S.: A precision measurement of the gravitational redshift by the interference of matter waves. Nature 463, 926–930 (2010)
Lämmerzahl, C.: On the equivalence principle in quantum theory. Gen. Relativ. Gravit. 28, 1043–1070 (1996)
Viola, L., Onofrio, R.: Testing the equivalence principle through freely falling quantum objects. Phys. Rev. D 55, 455–462 (1997)
Hughes, K.J., Burke, J.H.T., Sackett, C.A.: Suspension of atoms using optical pulses, and application to gravimetry. Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 150403(1–4) (2009)
Fray, S., Alvarez Diez, C., H\({\ddot{\rm n}}\)sch, T.W., Weitz, M.: Atomic interferometer with amplitude gratings of light and its applications to atom based tests of the equivalence principle. Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 240404(1–4) (2004)
Kasevich, M., Chu, S.: Atomic interferometry using stimulated Raman transitions. Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 181–184 (1991)
Aminoff, C.G., Steane, A.M., Bouyer, P., Desbiolles, P., Dalibard, J., Cohen-Tannoudji, C.: Cesium atoms bouncing in a stable gravitational cavity. Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 3083–3086 (1993)
Ovchinnikov, Yu.B., Manek, I., Grimm, R.: Surface trap for Cs atoms based on evanescent-wave cooling. Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2225–2228 (1997)
Wallis, H., Dalibard, J., Cohen-Tannoudji, C.: Sisyphus cooling of a bound atom. Appl. Phys. B 54, 407–419 (1992)
Shapere, A., Wilczek, F. (eds.): Geometric Phases in Physics. World Scientific, Singapore (1989)
Markowski, B., Vinitskii, S.I.: Topological Phases in Quantum Theory. World Scientific, Singapore (1989)
Bohm, A., Mostafazadeh, A., Koizumi, H., Niu, Q., Zwanziger, J.: The Geometric Phase in Quantum Systems. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)
Chruscinski, D., Jamiolkpwski, A.: Geometric Phases in Classical and Quantum Mechanics. Birkhäuser, Boston (2004)
Berry, M.V.: Quantal phase factors accompanying adiabatic changes. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. A 392, 45–57 (1984)
Aharonov, Y., Anandan, A.: Phase change during a cyclic quantum evolution. Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 1593–1596 (1987)
Samuel, J., Bhandari, R.: General setting for Berry’s phase. Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 2339–2342 (1988)
Fock, V.: ber die Beziehung zwischen den Integralen der quantenmechanischen Bewegungsgleichungen und der Schrdingerschen Wellengleichung. Z. Phys. 49, 323–338 (1928)
Bortolotti, F.: Sulle rappresentazioni conformi, e su di una interpretazione fisica del parallelismo di Levi-Civita. Rend. R. Naz. Lincei IV, 552–556 (1926)
Rytov, S.M.: On the transition from wave to geometric optics. Dokl. Akad. Nauk. USSR 18, 263–266 (1938)
Pancharatnam, S.: Generalized theory of interference and its applications. Proc. Ind. Acad. Sci. Ser. A 44, 247–262 (1956)
Longuet-Higgins, H.C., Öpik, U., Pryce, M.H.L., Sack, R.A.: Studies of the Jahn-Teller effect. II. The dynamical problem. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. A 244, 1–16 (1958)
Aharonov, Y., Bohm, D.: Significance of electromagnetic potentials in the quantum theory. Phys. Rev. 115, 485–491 (1959)
Mead, C.A., Truhlar, D.G.: On the determination of Born-Oppenheimer nuclear motion wave functions including complications due to conical intersections and identical nuclei. J. Chem. Phys. 70, 2284–2296 (1979)
Simon, B.: Holonomy, the quantum adiabatic theorem, and Berry‘s phase. Phys. Rev. Lett. 51, 2167–2170 (1983)
Mukunda, N., Simon, R.: Quantum kinematic approach to the geometric phase I. General formalism. Ann. Phys. (NY) 228, 205–268 (1993)
Sjöqvist, E., Carlsen, H.: Geometric phase, quantum measurements, and the de Broglie-Bohm model. Phys. Rev. A 56, 1638–1641 (1997)
Parmenter, R.H., Valentine, R.W.: Properties of the geometric phase of a de Broglie-Bohm causal quantum mechanical trajectory. Phys. Lett. A 219, 7–14 (1996)
Chou, C.-C., Wyatt, R.E.: Geometric phase in Bohmian mechanics. Ann. Phys. (NY) 325, 2234–2250 (2010)
Bohm, D., Hiley, B.J.: The Undivided Universe. Routledge, London (1993)
Olariu, S., Popescu, I.I.: The quantum effects of electromagnetic fluxes. Rev. Mod. Phys. 57, 339–436 (1985)
Aharonov, Y., Casher, A.: Topological quantum effects for neutral particles. Phys. Rev. Lett. 53, 319–321 (1984)
Cimmino, A., Opat, G.I., Klein, A.G., Kaiser, H., Werner, S.A., Arif, M., Clothier, R.: Observation of the topological Aharonov-Casher phase shift by neutron interferometry. Phys. Rev. Lett. 63, 380–383 (1989)
Elion, W.J., Wachters, J.J., Sohn, L.L., Mooij, J.D.: Observation of the Aharonov-Casher effect for vortices in Josephson-junction arrays. Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 2311–2314 (1993)
Sangster, K., Hinds, E.A., Barnett, S.M., Riis, E.: Measurement of the Aharonov-Casher phase in an atomic system. Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 3641–3644 (1993)
Konig, M., Tschetschetkin, A., Hankiewicz, E.M., Sinova, J., Hock, V., Daumer, V., Schäfer, M., Becker, C.R., Buhmann, H., Molenkamp, L.W.: Direct observation of the Aharonov-Casher phase. Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 076804(1–4) (2006)
Pitaesvskii, L.P.: Vortex lines in an imperfect bose gas. Soviet Phys. JETP 13, 451–454 (1961)
Gross, E.P.: Structure of a quantized vortex in boson systems. Nuovo Cimento 20, 454–457 (1961)
Landau, L.D., Lifshitz, E.M., Pitaevskii, L.P.: Statistical Physics: Theory of the Condensed State. Course of Theoretical Physics. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford (1980)
Nassar, A.B., Bassalo, J.M.F., Alencar, P.T.S., de Souza, J.F., de Oliveira, J.E., Cattani, M.: Gaussian solitons in nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Il Nuovo Cimento 117, 941–946 (2002)
Goldstein, H.: Classical Mechanics. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Reading (1980)
Razavy, M.: Classical and Quantum Dissipative Systems. Imperial College Press, London (2005)
Caldirola, P.: Forze non conservative nella meccanica quantisitica. Nuovo Cimento 18, 393–400 (1941)
Kanai, E.: On the quantization of the dissipative systems. Prog. Theor. Phys. 3, 440–442 (1948)
Sanz, A.S., Martinez-Casado, R., Peñate-Rodriguez, H.C., Rojas-Lorenzo, G., Miret-Artés, S.: Dissipative Bohmian mechanics within the Caldirola-Kanai framework: a trajectory analysis of wave-packet dynamics in viscid media. Ann. Phys. 347, 1–20 (2014)
Sanz, A.S., Miret–Artés, S.: A trajectory-based understanding of quantum interference. J. Phys. A 41, 435303(1–23) (2008)
Sanz, A.S., Miret-Artés, S.: Setting-up tunneling conditions by means of Bohmian mechanics. J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 44, 485301(1–17) (2011)
Heller, E.J.: Time-dependent approach to semiclassical dynamics. J. Chem. Phys. 62, 1544–1555 (1975)
Vandyck, M.A.: On the damped harmonic oscillator in the de Broglie-Bohm hidden-variable theory. J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 27, 1743–1750 (1994)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Nassar, A.B., Miret-Artés, S. (2017). Some Selected Applications of Bohmian Mechanics. In: Bohmian Mechanics, Open Quantum Systems and Continuous Measurements. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53653-8_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53653-8_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-53651-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-53653-8
eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)