Skip to main content

Tertiary Education and Postwar Reconstruction: The First Australian Planning Programs

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Urban Planning Education

Part of the book series: The Urban Book Series ((UBS))

Abstract

While a robust voluntary town planning movement emerged in Australia before World War I, the long-standing goal of university-provided professional education did not become a reality until after World War II. This chapter considers the genesis of the first three tertiary programs in Australia between 1949 and 1951 in the wake of national moves toward postwar reconstruction. These were at the South Australian School of Mines and Industries (under Gavin Walkley), University of Sydney (under Denis Winston), and University of Melbourne (under Niel Abercrombie). The development of these first qualifications each has its own complex history. The chapter highlights the key factors driving establishment of the programs in each state; the main actors involved; the intellectual and professional connections to architectural education; the importance of the British connection in terms of aspirations, early syllabuses, textbooks and lecturers; and the overall significance of this moment in the development of planning education in Australia.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Abercrombie P (1948) A great city. A lecture given at Wilson Hall, University of Melbourne, on Monday 18th October, 1948. Government Printer, Melbourne

    Google Scholar 

  • Amati M, Freestone R (2009) ‘Saint Patrick’: Sir Patrick Abercrombie’s Australian tour 1948. Town Plan Rev 80(6):597–626

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anon (1923) Town planning: a university course. Advertiser, 3 July 1923, p 14

    Google Scholar 

  • Anon (1943) Planned cities and towns. Argus, 5 Oct 1943, p 5

    Google Scholar 

  • Anon (1948a) Town planning course. Advertiser. 17 Dec 1948, p 2

    Google Scholar 

  • Anon (1948b) Townplanner sees city: newspaper clippings book related to planning 1947–1967. Architecture Museum, University of South Australia

    Google Scholar 

  • Anon (1949) Diploma course in town and country planning, University of Sydney. Bulletin, Town and Country Planning Institute of Australia 1(3):1

    Google Scholar 

  • Anon (1950a) Post-graduate town planning. Argus, 18 Mar, 1950, p 1

    Google Scholar 

  • Anon (1950b) Refreshing approach to planning. Advertiser, 20 April 1950, p 4

    Google Scholar 

  • Anon (1950c) University appointment for Mr. Abercrombie. Illawarra Daily Mercury, 30 Aug 1950, p 4

    Google Scholar 

  • Anon (1951) Providing trained town planners. Advertiser, 9 Jan 1951, p 4

    Google Scholar 

  • Anon (1952) Praise, warning for Adelaide. Advertiser, 23 Dec, 1952, p 1

    Google Scholar 

  • Anon (1954) Danish woman studies Australia. Advertiser 14 Aug 1954, p 13

    Google Scholar 

  • Batey P (2012) Gordon Stephenson’s reform of the planning curriculum: how Liverpool came to have the MCD. Town Plan Rev 83(2):135–164

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Benko A, Lloyd TRV (1949) Replanning our towns & countryside. Workers’ Educational Association of South Australia, Adelaide

    Google Scholar 

  • Blythe R (1997) Planning education: the establishment of the diploma of town planning at the Hobart Technical College. In: Dingle T (ed) The Australian city-future/past: proceedings of the third Australian planning history/urban history conference, Monash University, Clayton, 1997. Office of Continuing Education, pp 35–42

    Google Scholar 

  • Burdess N (1984) The development of a local planning profession in N.S.W. Aust Local Plan 1:65–69

    Google Scholar 

  • Cahill JJ (1944) Parliamentary speech. NSW State Records. Department of Environment and Planning Archival Records 1945–1966

    Google Scholar 

  • Colman J (1993) The Liverpool connection and Australian planning and design practice 1945–1985. In: Freestone R (ed) The Australian planner. University of New South Wales, Sydney, pp 59–69

    Google Scholar 

  • Darian-Smith K, Nichols D (2010) Derelict Dell and terrible square: the plans of Frank Heath and the citizens of Swan hill for regional development in postwar Australia. In: Nichols D, Hurlimann A, Mouat C, Pascoe S (eds) Green fields, brown fields, new fields: 10th Australasian urban history/planning history conference, Melbourne, 2010. University of Melbourne, pp 70–80

    Google Scholar 

  • Davoudi S, Pendlebury J (2010) The evolution of planning as an academic discipline. Town Plan Rev 81(6):613–645

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Freestone R (1989) Model communities: the garden city movement in Australia. Thomas Nelson, Melbourne

    Google Scholar 

  • Freestone R (2007) John Sulman and town planning in Australia. In: Sulman J (ed) An introduction to the study of town planning in Australia. National Trust of Australia (NSW), Sydney, pp i–ix

    Google Scholar 

  • Freestone R (2009a) The first professor: Denis Winston comes to Sydney, 1949. Aust Plan 46(1):36–37

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Freestone R (2009b) The historical role and significance of Australia’s town planning associations. In: Freestone R (ed) Cities, citizens and environmental reform: histories of Australian town planning associations. Sydney University Press, Sydney, pp 1–23

    Google Scholar 

  • Freestone R (2010) Urban nation: Australia’s planning heritage. CSIRO Publishing and Australian Heritage Council, Melbourne

    Google Scholar 

  • Freestone R, Grubb M (1998) The Melbourne Metropolitan Town Planning Commission 1922–1930. J Aust Stud 22(57):128–144

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garnaut C, Round K (2009) ‘The kaleidoscope of town planning’: planning advocacy in postwar South Australia. In: Freestone R (ed) Cities, citizens and environmental reform: histories of Australian town planning associations. Sydney University Press, Sydney, pp 202–233

    Google Scholar 

  • Gawler JS (1963) A roof over my head. Lothian, Sydney

    Google Scholar 

  • Harrison P (1977) Alfred John Brown 1893–1976. R Aust Plan Inst J 15(2):48–49

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hutton G (1952) Planning expert rates Melbourne the greatest sprawler in the world. Argus, 31 Jan 1952, p 1

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones D (2012) The role and contribution of Gavin Walkley CBE in advancing planning education in South Australia. Plan Perspect 27(1):131–141

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis H (1948) Melbourne needs Sir Patrick Abercrombie. Argus, 15 Oct, p 2

    Google Scholar 

  • Lucas C (1990) Wilkinson, Leslie (1882–1973). Australian dictionary of biography. Australian National University. http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/wilkinson-leslie-9104/text16053. Accessed 25 Mar 2014

  • Macintyre S (2015) Australia’s boldest experiment: war and reconstruction in the 1940s. New South, Sydney

    Google Scholar 

  • Marsden S (1986) Business, charity and sentiment: a history of the South Australian Housing Trust. South Australian Housing Trust, Adelaide

    Google Scholar 

  • May A, Reidy S (2009) Town planning crusaders: urban reform in Melbourne during the progressive era. In: Freestone R (ed) Cities, citizens and environmental reform: histories of Australian town planning associations. Sydney University Press, Sydney, pp 89–118

    Google Scholar 

  • McInnis R, Advisory Committee on Planning Qualifications (1945) The application of planning under the town and country planning act 1944. Government Printer, Hobart

    Google Scholar 

  • McLoughlin JB (1988) Origins and development of the Royal Australian Planning Institute. Aust Plan 26(4):14–18

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Petrow S (1997) Planning pioneer: R.A. McInnis and town planning in Queensland and Tasmania 1922–1956. Paper presented at the Australian city-future/past: proceedings of the third Australian planning history/urban history conference, Monash University, Clayton

    Google Scholar 

  • Poynter JR, Rasmussen C (1996) A place apart: the University of Melbourne: decades of challenge. University of Melbourne, Melbourne

    Google Scholar 

  • Shoshkes E (2013) Jaqueline Tyrwhitt: a transnational life in urban planning and design. Ashgate, Farnham

    Google Scholar 

  • Sinnamon I (2007) Cummings, Robert Percy (1900–1989). Australian dictionary of biography. Australian National University. http://adb.anu.edu.au/viography/cummings-robert-percy-12379/text22247 Accessed 6 Nov 2014

  • South Australian School of Mines and Industries (1949) Sixty-first annual report. South Australian School of Mines and Industries, Adelaide

    Google Scholar 

  • South Australian School of Mines and Industries (1954) Sixty-sixth annual report. South Australian School of Mines and Industries, Adelaide

    Google Scholar 

  • Spearritt P (1993) Bunning, Walter Ralston (1912–1977). Australian dictionary of biography. Australian National University. http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/bunning-walter-ralston-9623/text16969 Accessed 9 Nov 2014

  • Sulman J (1921) An introduction to the study of town planning in Australia. National Trust of Australia (NSW), Sydney

    Google Scholar 

  • Troy P (2012) Accommodating Australians: commonwealth government involvement in housing. Federation Press, Sydney

    Google Scholar 

  • University of South Australia (1955) Prospectus of a course for the diploma in town planning, February 1955. In: 60 years of planning education at the University of South Australia. University of South Australia, Adelaide, p 14

    Google Scholar 

  • Walkley G (1948) In: Walkley EG (ed) Gavin Walkley: a diary 1911–[June 1998]. Adelaide

    Google Scholar 

  • Walkley G (1975) The Louis Laybourne Smith school of architecture and building. South Australian Institute of Technology, Adelaide

    Google Scholar 

  • Ward SV (2002) Planning the twentieth century city: the advanced capitalist world. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester

    Google Scholar 

  • Whitzman C, Nichols D, Perkovic J (2009) From accidental planner to agent provocateur: 60 years of women in Victorian planning. Women’s Planning Network, Melbourne

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilks J (1998) Planning in Melbourne 1950–1985: The formation of professional ideologies. PhD thesis, University of Melbourne

    Google Scholar 

  • Wright B (2001) Expectations of a better world: planning Australian communities. Royal Australian Planning Institute, Canberra

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

An earlier version of this chapter was delivered at the 16th International Planning History Society Conference, St Augustine, Florida, July 2014. The authors acknowledge the assistance of Ross King, Nicola Pullan, John Toon, Giles Walkley and Jane Walkley.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Robert Freestone .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Freestone, R., Garnaut, C., Nichols, D. (2018). Tertiary Education and Postwar Reconstruction: The First Australian Planning Programs. In: Frank, A., Silver, C. (eds) Urban Planning Education. The Urban Book Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55967-4_7

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics