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Sedentary Behaviour and Cancer

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Sedentary Behaviour Epidemiology

Part of the book series: Springer Series on Epidemiology and Public Health ((SSEH))

Abstract

How sedentary behaviour affects cancer risk is still largely unknown. This chapter summarizes the modest, but growing, body of evidence accrued to date. Based on the findings of 25 different studies that have examined 17 different cancer sites, all-cancer mortality, and site-specific mortality (colorectal and liver cancer), we conclude that sedentary behaviour is associated with increased risks of endometrial (36%) and ovarian cancers (32%). We cannot rule out an increased risk for breast, colorectal, and lung cancers, but there is a lack of consistency across findings. Sedentary behaviour increases risk for all-cancer mortality (13%) and colorectal cancer-specific mortality (38% for pre-diagnosis sitting time; 61% for post-diagnosis sitting time). The association between sedentary behaviour and cancer risk is biologically plausible. Postulated mechanisms underlying the association include: body composition (most evidence relates to adiposity), sex hormones, metabolic function, chronic inflammation, and immune function. Better mechanistic understanding will help strengthen causal inference from epidemiologic data. The adoption of contemporary epidemiologic methods and analytic techniques may also facilitate improved causal inference.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia

    Brigid M. Lynch & Shahid Mahmood

  2. Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia

    Brigid M. Lynch & Shahid Mahmood

  3. School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia

    Terry Boyle

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Correspondence to Brigid M. Lynch .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany

    Michael F. Leitzmann

  2. Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany

    Carmen Jochem

  3. Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany

    Daniela Schmid

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Lynch, B.M., Mahmood, S., Boyle, T. (2018). Sedentary Behaviour and Cancer. In: Leitzmann, M., Jochem, C., Schmid, D. (eds) Sedentary Behaviour Epidemiology. Springer Series on Epidemiology and Public Health. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61552-3_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61552-3_10

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-61552-3

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