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Diseases of Nerve

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Clinical Handbook of Neuromuscular Medicine

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Abstract

Disorders of the peripheral nervous system cause characteristic motor, sensory, and autonomic symptoms and signs that should be recognized by the clinician. Once identified, these clinical deficits can be further characterized by their pattern of involvement and temporal evolution. Taken together, these elements of the history and physical can help the clinician create a neuropathy differential diagnosis that targets the most likely etiologies. Although an in-depth understanding of the specific causes of neuropathy is important, the knowledge is applied most efficiently when the basic concepts of neuropathy are well understood.

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Abbreviations

AIDP:

Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy

AMAN:

Acute motor axonal neuropathy

AMSAN:

Acute motor-sensory axonal neuropathy

ANS:

Autonomic nervous system

CIDP:

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy

CMT:

Charcot-Marie-Tooth

CMV:

Cytomegalovirus

CSF:

Cerebrospinal fluid

CTS:

Carpal tunnel syndrome

DADS:

Distal acquired demyelinating symmetric neuropathy

DRG:

Dorsal root ganglia

EMG:

Electromyography

GBS:

Guillain-Barré syndrome

HCV:

Hepatitis C virus

HIV:

Human immunodeficiency virus

HNPP:

Hereditary liability to pressure palsies

MADSAM:

Multifocal acquired sensory and motor neuropathy

MAG:

Myelin-associated glycoprotein

MFS:

Miller Fisher syndrome

MGUS:

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance

MMN:

Multifocal motor neuropathy

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

NCS:

Nerve conduction studies

PLEX:

Plasmapheresis

POEMS:

Polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and skin changes syndrome

TTR:

Transthyretin

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA

    Jeffrey A. Allen MD

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  1. Jeffrey A. Allen MD
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Correspondence to Jeffrey A. Allen MD .

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  1. Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

    David Walk

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Allen, J.A. (2018). Diseases of Nerve. In: Walk, D. (eds) Clinical Handbook of Neuromuscular Medicine . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67116-1_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67116-1_5

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