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Innovations in Global Mental Health pp 1–23Cite as

Can Laws “Commit” Governments to Provide Mental Health Services? A Role for Human Rights in Securing Resources

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Abstract

The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) came into force in 2006 and brings mental health issues more forcefully than ever before into the fold of international human rights law. This chapter lists a range of programs, policies, and laws for applying human rights in the mental health context. It will focus on the positive obligations placed on governments by the CRPD in contrast to the type of rights that demand noninterference by government and between individuals. This chapter explores how these concrete steps can be taken within – but also outside – mental health policy and programming. Practical examples include individual advocacy and personal assistance services, crisis respite houses, in-home crisis support, a variety of peer support measures, recover-oriented and trauma-informed support, advance planning, and formalized representation for people in crisis.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    CRPD, Article 13.

  2. 2.

    Mental Health (Care and Treatment) (Scotland) Act 2003 (Scot) asp 13.

  3. 3.

    Mental Health Act 2014 (Vic) no. 26 (Australia).

  4. 4.

    Representation Agreement Act R.S.B.C. 1996 c 405, ss 2(a), 8.

  5. 5.

    Law No. 26657, 3 December 2010 [32041] BO 1.

  6. 6.

    Mental Health Regime, House of representatives Res D-276/07, Art 42 (7 March 2007).

  7. 7.

    Concluding Observations on Argentina (8 October 2012, CRPD/C/ARG/CO/1) paras 23 and 41–2.

  8. 8.

    Mental Health Regime. House of representatives Res D-276/07, Art 42 (7 March 2007).

  9. 9.

    The Team’s purpose and methodology is stated on the following website: NDMHA, “Legal Capacity: The Right to Exercise Rights” (October 2012), www.msal.gov.ar.

  10. 10.

    Mental Health Act 2012 (Ghana) Act 846, s 88.

  11. 11.

    2017 Vermont Statutes, Title 18 – Health, Chapter 174 – Mental Health System of Care, § 7256 Reporting requirements.

  12. 12.

    Mental Health Act 2014 (Vic), s 10(f).

  13. 13.

    CRPD art 19(b).

  14. 14.

    CRPD Article 4(3).

  15. 15.

    https://www.alyssum.org

  16. 16.

    The homepage of Nidus indicates that the organisation has between two and four staff and registers approximately 600 agreements per year. Five thousand agreements are currently registered. Links to the website are provided on the Guardian and Trustee of British Columbia website. See Public Guardian and Trustee of British Columbia (2007).

  17. 17.

    Electoral Act 1918 (Cth) (Australia) s 93(8)(a).

  18. 18.

    Mental Health (Discrimination) Act 2013 ch 8, ss 1, 2, 3.

  19. 19.

    Concluding Observations on the United Kingdom (3 October 2017, CRPD/C/GBR/CO/1).

  20. 20.

    A significant body of evidence indicates that safe, affordable housing can be effective for improving health and self-determination in other areas of life. See, e.g., Wood et al. (2016) and Fitzpatrick-Lewis (2011).

  21. 21.

    Individual Placement and Support, for example, is an employment practice in the United Kingdom for which the “overriding philosophy,” according to Miles Rinaldi and colleagues, “is that anyone is capable of working competitively in the community if the right kind of job and work environment can be found and the right kind of support provided. Thus, the primary goal is not to change the individual, but to find a natural match between the individual’s strengths and experiences and a job in the community” (Rinaldi et al. 2008).

  22. 22.

    For more examples, see The Zero Project, www.zeroproject.org.

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Acknowledgments

The author acknowledges the helpful advice of reviewers. This work has drawn upon material from within: Piers Gooding, A New Era for Mental Health Law and Policy, Supported Decision-Making and the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities © Piers Gooding 2017, published by Cambridge University Press, reproduced with permission.

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  1. Melbourne Social Equity Institute, Melbourne Law School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Piers Gooding

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    Sam Okpaku

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Gooding, P. (2019). Can Laws “Commit” Governments to Provide Mental Health Services? A Role for Human Rights in Securing Resources. In: Okpaku, S. (eds) Innovations in Global Mental Health. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70134-9_75-1

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