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Gravitropism in Higher Plants: Molecular Aspects

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Gravitational Biology I

Part of the book series: SpringerBriefs in Space Life Sciences ((BRIEFSSLS))

Abstract

The pervasive influence of gravity on life on Earth presents barriers to our identifying and understanding of the signaling pathways which have evolved in response to it. Plants are at the same time positively and negatively gravitropic, using the Earth’s gravity to define their stature both above and below ground. Here we review some of the signaling pathways which use the plant hormone auxin to carry information on orientation from regions of perception to regions of growth response. The regulation of these pathways is at once diverse and as yet poorly understood but involves the control of members of a family of polarly localized cellular auxin efflux carriers, the PINs, by factors such as phosphorylation. Auxin transport is also influenced by the availability of calcium ions; this interaction is likely to emerge as a key node in a plant’s responses to gravity. It is hoped that understanding the mechanism of these responses will not only allow more efficient cultivation of plants in space, but open paths to greater control over plant stature which will enable us, in the future, better to respond to the challenges of feeding those of us still living on Earth.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biology II, Molecular Plant Physiology, BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, ZBSA Centre for Biosystems Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany

    Klaus Palme

  2. Institute of Biology II, Molecular Plant Physiology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany

    William Teale & Franck Ditengou

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  1. Klaus Palme
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  2. William Teale
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  3. Franck Ditengou
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Palme, K., Teale, W., Ditengou, F. (2018). Gravitropism in Higher Plants: Molecular Aspects. In: Gravitational Biology I. SpringerBriefs in Space Life Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93894-3_7

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