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Neuroimaging: Diagnostic Boundaries and Biomarkers

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Neuroimaging of Schizophrenia and Other Primary Psychotic Disorders

Abstract

Different medical disciplines have adopted biomarkers in order to establish a diagnosis and predict clinical and functional outcome of a disease. In psychiatry, the search for biomarkers could lead to substantial improvement in mental disorder diagnosis and care. Different neuroimaging techniques have contributed to improve our understanding of brain structure and functioning in patients with psychotic disorders. However, though a large number of studies have reported differences between patients with psychotic disorders and healthy controls in structural and functional neuroimaging measures, only few results are robust and consistent. In addition, so far, even robust and consistent findings have differences at group level, which so far did not translate into applications at the individual level. The heterogeneity of psychotic disorders, the use of medications, and the infrequent replication of findings in independent patient cohorts from different centers have limited the identification of reliable neuroimaging biomarkers for diagnosis and outcome prediction of psychotic disorders. Machine-learning algorithms might represent a good opportunity for the progress in this field.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy

    Silvana Galderisi & Giulia Maria Giordano

  2. VA Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Brockton, MA, USA

    Lynn E. DeLisi

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  1. Silvana Galderisi
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  2. Giulia Maria Giordano
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  3. Lynn E. DeLisi
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  1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy

    Silvana Galderisi

  2. Harvard Medical School, The VA Boston Healthcare System, Brockton, MA, USA

    Lynn E. DeLisi

  3. Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

    Stefan Borgwardt

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Galderisi, S., Giordano, G.M., DeLisi, L.E. (2019). Neuroimaging: Diagnostic Boundaries and Biomarkers. In: Galderisi, S., DeLisi, L., Borgwardt, S. (eds) Neuroimaging of Schizophrenia and Other Primary Psychotic Disorders . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97307-4_1

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