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Raynaud’s Phenomenon and Ulcers

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Atlas of Ulcers in Systemic Sclerosis

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Abstract

Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP) is a common condition which can occur either primary (idiopathic) or secondary to a wide range of conditions or drug therapies. In patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), RP occurs within a spectrum of digital vascular disease, including digital ulceration and ischaemia. In this chapter, we present the background (clinical features, epidemiology, pathogenesis and differential diagnosis) and clinical assessment including an approach to investigations (in particular nailfold capillaroscopy and SSc-associated antibodies) which clinicians need to be aware of when assessing with patients with RP. The multifaceted contemporary approach to the management of RP is presented, including pharmacological strategies, with examples of drug doses and a number of treatment algorithms for digital vascular disease (including RP) which are intended to provide the clinician with a useful reference tool.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, The University of Manchester, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK

    Michael Hughes

  2. Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool and Aintree University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK

    Marina E. Anderson

  3. NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK

    Ariane L. Herrick

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  1. Michael Hughes
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  2. Marina E. Anderson
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  1. Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

    Marco Matucci-Cerinic

  2. Division of Medicine, University College London, Centre for Rheumatology, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK

    Christopher P. Denton

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Hughes, M., Anderson, M.E., Herrick, A.L. (2019). Raynaud’s Phenomenon and Ulcers. In: Matucci-Cerinic, M., Denton, C. (eds) Atlas of Ulcers in Systemic Sclerosis. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98477-3_6

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