Skip to main content

Towards a Conceptual Model of Talking to a Route Planner

  • Conference paper
Web and Wireless Geographical Information Systems (W2GIS 2008)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNISA,volume 5373))

Abstract

Imagine a (web-based or mobile) route planning service that understands and behaves like another person. This conceptual paper addresses the first step towards this vision. It looks at the ways people would like to talk to their route planner in the initial phase of the route communication when specifying the travel route and time. The paper systematically collects service requirements, based on elements from intelligent autonomous agents, and demonstrates that a fundamental change is required compared to how services operate today.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Brooks, R.A.: Intelligence without reason. In: Myopoulos, J., Reiter, R. (eds.) 12th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence IJCAI 1991. San Mateo, CA, pp. 569–595. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, San Francisco (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Burnett, G.E.: “Turn right at the traffic lights”: The requirement for landmarks in vehicle navigation systems. The Journal of Navigation 53(3), 499–510 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Dale, R.: Generating Referring Expressions: Constructing Descriptions in a Domain of Objects and Processes. MIT Press, Cambridge (1992)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Dale, R., Geldof, S., Prost, J.P.: Using Natural Language Generation in Automatic Route Description. Journal of Research and Practice in Information Technology 37(1), 89–105 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Daniel, M.P., Tom, A., Manghi, E., Denis, M.: Testing the value of route directions through navigational performance. Spatial Cognition and Computation 3(4), 269–289 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Denis, M.: The description of routes: A cognitive approach to the production of spatial discourse. Current Psychology of Cognition 16, 409–458 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Denis, M., Pazzaglia, F., Cornoldi, C., Bertolo, L.: Spatial Discourse and Navigation: An Analysis of Route Directions in the City of Venice. Applied Cognitive Psychology 13, 145–174 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Duckham, M., Worboys, M.: Computational Structure in Three-Valued Nearness Relations. In: Montello, D.R. (ed.) COSIT 2001. LNCS, vol. 2205, pp. 76–91. Springer, Heidelberg (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Egenhofer, M.: What’s special about spatial? Database requirements for vehicle navigation in geographic space. In: ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data, Washington, pp. 398–402. ACM Press, New York (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Egenhofer, M.J., Mark, D.M.: Naive Geography. In: Frank, A.U., Kuhn, W. (eds.) Spatial Information Theory. LNCS, vol. 988, pp. 1–15. Springer, Berlin (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Egenhofer, M.J.: Query Processing in Spatial-Query-by-Sketch. Journal of Visual Languages and Computing 8(4), 403–424 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Elias, B., Sester, M.: Incorporating landmarks with quality measures in routing procedures. In: Raubal, M., Miller, H.J., Frank, A.U., Goodchild, M.F. (eds.) GIScience 2006. LNCS, vol. 4197, pp. 65–80. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  13. Frank, A.U.: Ontology. In: Kemp, K.K. (ed.) Encyclopedia of Geographic Information Science. Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Freundschuh, S.M., Mark, D.M., Gopal, S., Gould, M.D., Couclelis, H.: Verbal Directions for Wayfinding: Implications for Navigation and Geographic Information and Analysis Systems. In: Brassel, K., Kishimoto, H. (eds.) 4th International Symposium on Spatial Data Handling, Zurich, Department of Geography, pp. 478–487. University of Zurich (1990)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Hansen, S., Richter, K.F., Klippel, A.: Landmarks in OpenLS: A Data Structure for Cognitive Ergonomic Route Directions. In: Raubal, M., Miller, H.J., Frank, A.U., Goodchild, M.F. (eds.) GIScience 2006. LNCS, vol. 4197, pp. 128–144. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  16. Hill, L.L.: Georeferencing: The Geographic Associations of Information. In: Digital Libraries and Electronic Publishing. MIT Press, Cambridge (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Hirtle, S.C., Jonides, J.: Evidence of hierarchies in cognitive maps. Memory and Cognition 13(3), 208–217 (1985)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Janelle, D.G.: Impact of information technologies. In: Hanson, S., Giuliano, G. (eds.) The Geography of Urban Transportation. pp. 86–112. Guilford Press, New York (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Klein, W.: Wegauskünfte. Zeitschrift für Literaturwissenschaft und Linguistik 33, 9–57 (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Klein, W.: Local Deixis in Route Directions. In: Jarvella, R.J., Klein, W. (eds.) Speech, Place, and Action. pp. 161–182. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Klippel, A., Tappe, H., Habel, C.: Pictorial representations of routes: Chunking route segments during comprehension. In: Freksa, C., Brauer, W., Habel, C., Wender, K.F. (eds.) Spatial Cognition III. LNCS, vol. 2685, pp. 11–33. Springer, Berlin (2003)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  22. Kuhn, W.: Why Information Science needs Cognitive Semantics. In: Workshop on the Potential of Cognitive Semantics for Ontologies (FOIS 2004), Torino, Italy (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Lynch, K.: The Image of the City. MIT Press, Cambridge (1960)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Maaß, W.: Von visuellen Daten zu inkrementellen Wegbeschreibungen in dreidimensionalen Umgebungen: Das Modell eines kognitiven Agenten. Phd thesis, Universität des Saarlandes (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Miller, H.J.: Activities in Space and Time. In: Hensher, D.A., Button, K.J., Haynes, K.E., Stopher, P.R. (eds.) Handbook of Transport Geography and Spatial Systems. Handbooks in Transport, vol. 5, pp. 647–660. Elsevier, Amsterdam (2004)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  26. Paraboni, I., Deemter, K.: Generating Easy References: The Case of Document Deixis. In: Second International Conference on Natural Language Generation (INLG 2002), New York, USA, pp. 113–119 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Paraboni, I., Deemter, K.v., Masthoff, J.: Generating referring expressions: Making referents easy to identify. Computational Linguistics 33(2), 229–254 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Plumert, J.M., Carswell, C., DeVet, K., Ihrig, D.: The Content and Organization of Communication about Object Locations. Journal of Memory and Language 34, 477–498 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Plumert, J.M., Spalding, T.L., Nichols-Whitehead, P.: Preferences for ascending and descending hierarchical organization in spatial communication. Memory and Cognition 29(2), 274–284 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Popper, K.: The Logic of Scientific Discovery. Routledge Classics. Routledge, London (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Raubal, M., Winter, S.: Enriching Wayfinding Instructions with Local Landmarks. In: Egenhofer, M.J., Mark, D.M. (eds.) GIScience 2002. LNCS, vol. 2478, pp. 243–259. Springer, Berlin (2002)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  32. Richter, K.F., Klippel, A.: A Model for Context-Specific Route Directions. In: Freksa, C., Knauff, M., Krieg-Brückner, B., Nebel, B., Barkowsky, T. (eds.) Spatial Cognition IV. LNCS, vol. 3343, pp. 58–78. Springer, Berlin (2005)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  33. Richter, K.F., Klippel, A.: Before or after: Prepositions in spatially constrained systems. In: Barkowsky, T., Knauff, M., Ligozat, G., Montello, D.R. (eds.) Spatial Cognition 2007. LNCS, vol. 4387, pp. 453–469. Springer, Berlin (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  34. Richter, K.F.: Context-Specific Route Directions. Monograph Series of the Transregional Collaborative Research Center SFB/TR8, vol. 3. Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, Berlin (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Richter, K.F., Tomko, M., Winter, S.: A dialog-driven process of generating route directions. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 32(3), 233–245 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Rüetschi, U.J., Timpf, S.: Modelling wayfinding in public transport: Network space and scene space. In: Freksa, C., Knauff, M., Krieg-Brückner, B., Nebel, B., Barkowsky, T. (eds.) Spatial Cognition IV. LNCS, vol. 3343, pp. 24–41. Springer, Berlin (2005)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  37. Shanon, B.: Where Questions (1979), http://acl.ldc.upenn.edu//P/P79/P79-1017.pdf

  38. Shanon, B.: Answers to Where-Questions. Discourse Processes 6, 319–352 (1983)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Shekhar, S., Vatsavai, R.R., Ma, X., Yoo, J.S.: Navigation systems: A spatial database perspective. In: Schiller, J., Voisard, A. (eds.) Location-Based Services, pp. 41–80. Morgan Kaufmann Pubblishers, San Francisco (2004)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  40. Smith, B.: Ontology and information science. In: Zalta, E.N., Nodelman, U., Allen, C. (eds.) Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Center for the Study of Language and Information, Stanford University, Stanford (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  41. Stokes, N., Li, Y., Moffat, A., Rong, J.: An empirical study of the effects of NLP components on geographic IR performance. International Journal of Geographical Information Science 22(3), 247–264 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Tenbrink, T.: Space, Time, and the Use of Language: An Investigation of Relationships. Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  43. Timpf, S., Volta, G.S., Pollock, D.W., Frank, A.U., Egenhofer, M.J.: A conceptual model of wayfinding using multiple levels of abstraction. In: Frank, A.U., Campari, I., Formentini, U. (eds.) GIS 1992. LNCS, vol. 639, pp. 348–367. Springer, Berlin (1992)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  44. Timpf, S.: Ontologies of wayfinding: A traveler’s perspective. Networks and Spatial Economics 2(1), 9–33 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Tom, A., Denis, M.: Referring to landmark or street information in route directions: What difference does it make? In: Kuhn, W., Worboys, M.F., Timpf, S. (eds.) COSIT 2003. LNCS, vol. 2825, pp. 362–374. Springer, Berlin (2003)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  46. Tomko, M., Winter, S.: Pragmatic construction of destination descriptions for urban environments. Spatial Cognition and Computation (accepted August 21, 2008)

    Google Scholar 

  47. Tomko, M., Winter, S., Claramunt, C.: Experiential hierarchies of streets. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 32(1), 41–52 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Turing, A.M.: Computing machinery and intelligence. Mind 59(236), 433–460 (1950)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  49. Weiser, M.: The Computer for the Twenty-First Century. Scientific American (9), 94–104 (1991)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Wiener, J.M., Mallot, H.A.: Fine-to-coarse route planning and navigation in regionalized environments. Spatial Cognition and Computation 3(4), 331–358 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Wilson, D., Sperber, D.: Relevance Theory. In: Horn, L.R., Ward, G. (eds.) Handbook of Pragmatics, pp. 607–632. Blackwell, Oxford (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  52. Winter, S., Tomko, M., Elias, B., Sester, M.: Landmark hierarchies in context. Environment and Planning B 35(3), 381–398 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Winter, S., Wu, Y.: The spatial Turing test. In: Navratil, G. (ed.) Colloquium for Andrew U. Frank’s 60th Birthday, Geoinfo Series, Vienna, Austria. vol. 39, pp. 109–116. Department for Geoinformation and Cartography, Technical University Vienna (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  54. Wunderlich, D., Reinelt, R.: How to get there from here. In: Jarvella, R.J., Klein, W. (eds.) Speech, Place, and Action, pp. 183–201. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester (1982)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Winter, S., Wu, Y. (2008). Towards a Conceptual Model of Talking to a Route Planner. In: Bertolotto, M., Ray, C., Li, X. (eds) Web and Wireless Geographical Information Systems. W2GIS 2008. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 5373. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89903-7_11

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89903-7_11

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-89902-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-89903-7

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics