Abstract
The paper describes measurements of mean velocities and Reynolds stresses in recirculating flows associated with the flow past a number of simple bluff bodies. The principal instrument used was the pulsed-wire anemometer.
The main content of the paper concerns the flow behind a backward-facing step. The mean flow pattern is represented by streamlines; distributions of Reynolds stresses are given for the recirculating zone and for the mixing layer which is compared and contrasted with the plane mixing layer. Measurements for mean velocity and turbulence energy are compared with the predictions of a computer program based upon the turbulent viscosity concept.
The data represent interim results for a continuing program of work on flow past basic shapes; as an example of this work, results for a forward-facing step are briefly presented.
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Abbreviations
- B:
-
Width of plate
- c:
-
Constant
- h:
-
Height of step
- k:
-
Turbulence energy (\(=\frac{1}{2}(\overline{{{u}^{2}}}+\overline{{{v}^{2}}}+\overline{{{w}^{2}}})\))
- n:
-
Frequency of vortex shedding
- p:
-
Static pressure
- P0 :
-
Reference static pressure
- U:
-
Mean velocity in x-direction
- U0 :
-
Main stream mean velocity in x-direction
- UE :
-
Mean velocity in x-direction outside mixing layer
- u:
-
Velocity fluctuation in x-direction
- v:
-
Velocity fluctuation in y-direction
- w:
-
Velocity fluctuation in z-direction
- x:
-
Streamwise coordinate
- y:
-
Transverse coordinate
- ym/2 :
-
Transverse coordinate at which U = 1/2 U E
- z:
-
Spanwise coordinate
- δ:
-
Boundary layer thickness
- δ1 :
-
Displacement thickness
- ∈:
-
Rate of dissipation of turbulence energy per unit volume
- η:
-
= (y − y m/2)/x
- ρ:
-
Density
- ψ:
-
Stream function
References
Bradbury, L. J. S., and Moss, W. D., “Pulsed Wire Anemometer Measurements in the Flow Past a Normal Flat Plate in a Uniform Flow and in a Sheared Flow”, Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Wind Effects on Buildings and Structures (Heathrow 1975 ) pp. 485–496
Bradbury, L. J. S., “Measurements with a pulsed wire and a hot wire anemometer in the highly turbulent wake of a normal flat plate”, J. Fluid Mech. 77 /3, 473–497 (1976)
Tani, I., Iuchi, M., and Komoda, H., “Experimental Investigation of Flow Separation Associated with a Step or a Groove”, Aeronautical Research Institute Report 364 (University of Tokyo 1961 )
Simmons, J. E. L., “The relationship between the base pressure on a bluff body and the velocity at separation”, Aeronaut, J. 78, 330–331 (1974)
Gaster, M., and Bradbury, L. J. S., “The measurement of the spectra of highly turbulent flows by a randomly triggered pulsed-wire anemometer”, J. Fluid Mech. 77 /3, 499–509 (1976)
Bradshaw, P., and Wong, F. Y. F., “The reattachment and relaxation of a turbulent shear layer”, J. Fluid Mech. 52 /1, 113–135 (1972)
Champagne, F. H., Pao, Y. H., and Wygnanski, I. J., “On the two-dimensional mixing region”, J. Fluid Mech. 74 /2, 209–250 (1976)
Wygnanski, I., and Fiedler, H. E., “The two-dimensional mixing region”, J. Fluid Mech. 41 /2, 327–361 (1970)
Launder, B. E., and Spalding, D. B., Mathematical Models of Turbulence ( Academic Press, London 1972 )
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© 1979 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Moss, W.D., Baker, S., Bradbury, L.J.S. (1979). Measurements of Mean Velocity and Reynolds Stresses in Some Regions of Recirculating Flow. In: Durst, F., Launder, B.E., Schmidt, F.W., Whitelaw, J.H. (eds) Turbulent Shear Flows I. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-46395-2_15
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-46395-2_15
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-46397-6
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